Cucumber+TestNG报UndefinedStepException问题求助

问题背景 #

学习Cucumber课程实操时，原项目出现步骤未定义错误，新建测试项目后问题依旧。已检查路径、依赖及feature文件，未发现问题。

Feature文件 #

Feature: User Login

  Scenario: User should be able to login with valid credentials
    Given the user is on login page
    When the user enters valid credentials
    And click on submit button
    Then verify login status

Step Definitions代码 #

package stepDefs;

import io.cucumber.java.en.And;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Then;
import io.cucumber.java.en.When;

public class Steps {

    @Given("the user is on login page")
    public void the_user_is_on_login_page() {
        System.out.println("login page");
    }

    @When("the user enters valid credentials")
    public void the_user_enters_valid_credentials() {
        System.out.println("entered stuff");
    }

    @And("click on submit button")
    public void click_on_submit_button() {
        System.out.println("clicking");
    }

    @Then("verify login status")
    public void verify_login_status() {
        System.out.println("pls work");
    }
}

Runner类代码 #

package runners;

import io.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;
import io.cucumber.testng.CucumberOptions;
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources",glue = {"runners.run"})

public class run extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {

}

报错信息 #

io.cucumber.testng.UndefinedStepException: The step 'the user is on login page' and 3 other step(s) are undefined.
You can implement these steps using the snippet(s) below:

@Given("the user is on login page")
public void the_user_is_on_login_page() {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new io.cucumber.java.PendingException();
}
@When("the user enters valid credentials")
public void the_user_enters_valid_credentials() {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new io.cucumber.java.PendingException();
}
@When("click on submit button")
public void click_on_submit_button() {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new io.cucumber.java.PendingException();
}
@Then("verify login status")
public void verify_login_status() {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new io.cucumber.java.PendingException();
}


    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.TestCaseResultObserver.assertTestCasePassed(TestCaseResultObserver.java:69)
    at io.cucumber.testng.TestCaseResultObserver.assertTestCasePassed(TestCaseResultObserver.java:23)
    at io.cucumber.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner.lambda$runScenario$1(TestNGCucumberRunner.java:136)
    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.CucumberExecutionContext.lambda$runTestCase$5(CucumberExecutionContext.java:136)
    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.RethrowingThrowableCollector.executeAndThrow(RethrowingThrowableCollector.java:23)
    at io.cucumber.core.runtime.CucumberExecutionContext.runTestCase(CucumberExecutionContext.java:136)
    at io.cucumber.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner.runScenario(TestNGCucumberRunner.java:132)
    at io.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.runScenario(AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.java:35)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:141)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker.invokeMethod(TestInvoker.java:686)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethod(TestInvoker.java:230)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.MethodRunner.runInSequence(MethodRunner.java:63)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker$MethodInvocationAgent.invoke(TestInvoker.java:992)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethods(TestInvoker.java:203)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:154)
    at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:134)
    at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1597)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:739)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:614)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:421)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:413)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:373)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:312)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:95)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1274)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1208)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1112)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1079)
    at com.intellij.rt.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:65)
    at com.intellij.rt.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:105)

问题原因与解决方案 #

核心问题 #

Runner类的@CucumberOptions中glue参数配置错误，指向了不存在的包runners.run，而实际Step Definitions所在包是stepDefs，导致Cucumber无法找到步骤实现类。

修复步骤 #

修改Runner类中的glue参数，指定为Step Definitions所在的包stepDefs：

package runners;

import io.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;
import io.cucumber.testng.CucumberOptions;

@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources", glue = {"stepDefs"})

public class run extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {

}

额外检查点 #

• 确认feature文件确实放在src/test/resources目录下（若在子目录，features参数需指定完整路径，如src/test/resources/features）
• 确认Cucumber与TestNG依赖版本兼容
• 检查Step Definitions注解文本与feature文件步骤完全一致（包括空格、大小写）

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Varun J M