VS Code中Conda环境安装fuzzywuzzy失败求助（Python3.12）

问题背景 #

我无法安装fuzzywuzzy，但模糊匹配对我的数据项目至关重要——数据集包含数千条数据，需要通过计算分组。刚接触VS Code，尝试在终端执行conda install fuzzywuzzy，出现以下报错：

Channels:
 - defaults
Platform: osx-64
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: - warning  libmamba Added empty dependency for problem type SOLVER_RULE_UPDATE
failed

LibMambaUnsatisfiableError: Encountered problems while solving:
  - package fuzzywuzzy-0.18.0-py310hecd8cb5_0 requires python >=3.10,<3.11.0a0, but none of the providers can be installed

Could not solve for environment specs
The following packages are incompatible
├─ fuzzywuzzy is installable with the potential options
│  ├─ fuzzywuzzy 0.18.0 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.10,<3.11.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  ├─ fuzzywuzzy 0.18.0 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.11,<3.12.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  ├─ fuzzywuzzy 0.18.0 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.7,<3.8.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  ├─ fuzzywuzzy 0.18.0 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.8,<3.9.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  └─ fuzzywuzzy 0.18.0 would require
│     └─ python >=3.9,<3.10.0a0 , which can be installed;
└─ pin-1 is not installable because it requires
   └─ python 3.12.* , which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported.

当前使用Python 3.12.4，求可行解决方法。

解决方案 #

方法1：用pip直接安装fuzzywuzzy #

Conda仓库中的fuzzywuzzy包暂未更新支持Python 3.12，但PyPI上的包已适配更高版本。执行以下命令：

• 安装fuzzywuzzy：pip install fuzzywuzzy
• （可选）安装python-Levenshtein提升匹配性能：pip install python-Levenshtein

方法2：创建兼容Python版本的Conda环境 #

如果必须用Conda管理依赖，可以创建一个指定Python版本的新环境：

1. 创建环境（以Python 3.11为例，该版本兼容fuzzywuzzy）：
   conda create -n fuzzy_project python=3.11
2. 激活环境：
   conda activate fuzzy_project
3. 安装fuzzywuzzy：
   conda install fuzzywuzzy

方法3：使用替代库rapidfuzz #

rapidfuzz是fuzzywuzzy的现代替代，性能更优且完全支持Python 3.12，API与fuzzywuzzy兼容，无需大幅修改代码：

• 安装命令：pip install rapidfuzz
• 使用示例：

  from rapidfuzz import fuzz, process
  print(fuzz.ratio("hello", "hello world"))
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Joe