如何禁用UITextField的自动填充、语音朗读、拼写检查及光标操作？

1. 禁用系统文本辅助功能 #

在初始化阶段设置核心属性，从根源关闭自动填充、拼写检查、语音输入相关功能：

• autocorrectionType = .no：关闭自动纠错
• spellCheckingType = .no：关闭拼写检查
• autocapitalizationType = .none：关闭自动大写
• textContentType = .rawValue("")：禁用所有自动填充类型
• smartQuotesType = .no/smartDashesType = .no：关闭智能符号替换
• 清空键盘辅助按钮组：移除语音输入等快捷入口

2. 拦截所有文本操作菜单 #

完善canPerformAction方法，明确禁止复制、粘贴、朗读、选择等所有文本操作：

override func canPerformAction(_ action: Selector, withSender sender: Any?) -> Bool {
    guard actionEnabled else {
        let forbiddenActions: [Selector] = [
            #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.copy(_:)),
            #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.paste(_:)),
            #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.cut(_:)),
            #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.select(_:)),
            #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.selectAll(_:)),
            #selector(UITextField.speak(_:)),
            #selector(UITextField.stopSpeaking(_:))
        ]
        return !forbiddenActions.contains(action) && super.canPerformAction(action, withSender: sender)
    }
    return super.canPerformAction(action, withSender: sender)
}

3. 强制顺序输入/删除逻辑 #

重写shouldChangeCharacters(in:)方法，仅允许两种合法修改：

• 新增字符必须追加到文本末尾
• 删除字符只能移除最后一位

override func shouldChangeCharacters(in range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {
    guard !actionEnabled else {
        return super.shouldChangeCharacters(in: range, replacementString: string)
    }
    
    let currentText = self.text ?? ""
    
    // 输入字符：只能从末尾追加
    if !string.isEmpty {
        return range.location == currentText.count
    }
    // 删除字符：只能删除最后一位
    else {
        return range.location == currentText.count - 1 && range.length == 1
    }
}

4. 彻底禁用光标与文本选择 #

保留原有光标隐藏逻辑，额外拦截选择文本的手势：

override func selectionRects(for range: UITextRange) -> [UITextSelectionRect] {
    return []
}

override func caretRect(for position: UITextPosition) -> CGRect {
    return .zero
}

override func gestureRecognizerShouldBegin(_ gestureRecognizer: UIGestureRecognizer) -> Bool {
    guard actionEnabled else {
        // 禁止长按、点击选择文本的手势
        if gestureRecognizer is UILongPressGestureRecognizer || gestureRecognizer is UITapGestureRecognizer {
            return false
        }
        return super.gestureRecognizerShouldBegin(gestureRecognizer)
    }
    return super.gestureRecognizerShouldBegin(gestureRecognizer)
}

完整自定义UITextField代码 #

class GradientTextField: UITextField {
    var actionEnabled: Bool = true
    
    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        setupBaseProperties()
    }
    
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder)
        setupBaseProperties()
    }
    
    private func setupBaseProperties() {
        // 禁用系统文本辅助功能
        autocorrectionType = .no
        spellCheckingType = .no
        autocapitalizationType = .none
        textContentType = .rawValue("")
        smartQuotesType = .no
        smartDashesType = .no
        
        // 移除键盘辅助按钮
        inputAssistantItem.leadingBarButtonGroups = []
        inputAssistantItem.trailingBarButtonGroups = []
    }
    
    override func canPerformAction(_ action: Selector, withSender sender: Any?) -> Bool {
        guard actionEnabled else {
            let forbiddenActions: [Selector] = [
                #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.copy(_:)),
                #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.paste(_:)),
                #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.cut(_:)),
                #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.select(_:)),
                #selector(UIResponderStandardEditActions.selectAll(_:)),
                #selector(UITextField.speak(_:)),
                #selector(UITextField.stopSpeaking(_:))
            ]
            return !forbiddenActions.contains(action) && super.canPerformAction(action, withSender: sender)
        }
        return super.canPerformAction(action, withSender: sender)
    }
    
    override func shouldChangeCharacters(in range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {
        guard !actionEnabled else {
            return super.shouldChangeCharacters(in: range, replacementString: string)
        }
        
        let currentText = self.text ?? ""
        
        if !string.isEmpty {
            return range.location == currentText.count
        } else {
            return range.location == currentText.count - 1 && range.length == 1
        }
    }
    
    override func selectionRects(for range: UITextRange) -> [UITextSelectionRect] {
        return []
    }
    
    override func caretRect(for position: UITextPosition) -> CGRect {
        return .zero
    }
    
    override func gestureRecognizerShouldBegin(_ gestureRecognizer: UIGestureRecognizer) -> Bool {
        guard actionEnabled else {
            if gestureRecognizer is UILongPressGestureRecognizer || gestureRecognizer is UITapGestureRecognizer {
                return false
            }
            return super.gestureRecognizerShouldBegin(gestureRecognizer)
        }
        return super.gestureRecognizerShouldBegin(gestureRecognizer)
    }
}

使用说明 #

需要启用限制时，设置textField.actionEnabled = false；恢复正常功能时设为true即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Philipp