启动VS 2022开发者命令提示符时遭遇拒绝访问错误

操作步骤与报错现象 #

• 从开始菜单找到「Developer command prompt for VS 2022」，选择「以管理员身份运行」
• 首先弹出Windows提示框：

  此应用无法在你的电脑上运行
  请查找适合你电脑的版本，咨询软件发布者

• 点击确定后，命令提示符窗口显示内容：

**********************************************************************
** Visual Studio 2022 Developer Command Prompt v17.11.5
** Copyright (c) 2022 Microsoft Corporation
**********************************************************************
Access is denied.

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise>

问题定位 #

问题出在C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat内部调用的以下命令：

powershell.exe -NoProfile -Command "& {Import-Module '%~dp0\Microsoft.VisualStudio.DevShell.dll'; Send-VsDevShellTelemetry -NewInstanceType Cmd;}"

关联问题 #

启动某应用的cmd文件时也出现类似“拒绝访问”问题，该cmd文件内容如下：

echo set Falcon Specific Environment variables / Toggles

rem Set environment variable SET_LOCALIP, which is used by many services.
rem #Remarks: If more network adapters are available, choose the one which has the Internet or other sl artifacts can be accessed.
for /f "delims=" %%a in ('powershell -command "(Get-NetIPAddress | Where InterfaceIndex -EQ ((Get-NetConnectionProfile | Where Name -like "*.sl.net").InterfaceIndex)).IPAddress"') do (
    set SET_LOCALIP=%%a
)

if not defined SET_LOCALIP (
    for /f "delims=" %%a in ('powershell -command "(Get-NetIPAddress -PrefixOrigin Dhcp | Where-Object {$_.ValidLifetime -Lt ([TimeSpan]::MaxValue) -and $_.AddressState -Eq 'Preferred'}).IPAddress"') do (
        set SET_LOCALIP=%%a
    )
)

关键测试结果 #

• 可独立执行其他PowerShell脚本
• 指定PowerShell.exe完整路径时，相关命令可正常执行；仅用powershell.exe调用则报错“拒绝访问”，示例：

D:\OCT24A\bin\x64\Debug\devShell>C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -command "(Get-NetIPAddress | Where InterfaceIndex -EQ ((Get-NetConnectionProfile | Where Name -like "*.sl.net").InterfaceIndex)).IPAddress"
 
D:\OCT24A\bin\x64\Debug\devShell>powershell.exe -command "(Get-NetIPAddress | Where InterfaceIndex -EQ ((Get-NetConnectionProfile | Where Name -like "*.sl.net").InterfaceIndex)).IPAddress"
Access is denied.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Saikiran Kallatti