Win11下通过PowerShell获取多显示器真实分辨率的问题

我在Win11系统下做应用开发，需要获取所有显示器的真实屏幕分辨率，但尝试多个PowerShell命令都没得到正确结果：

尝试过的方法及问题 #

方法1：使用System.Windows.Forms.Screen #

Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms
$result = [System.Windows.Forms.Screen]::AllScreens
$result 

输出的WorkingArea信息不符合预期：

WorkingArea={X=-3840,Y=512,Width=2560,Height=1528}（预期为2560 x 1600）
WorkingArea={X=0,Y=0,Width=2880,Height=1728}（预期为1920 x 1200）

方法2：改用Bounds属性 #

Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms

[System.Windows.Forms.Screen]::AllScreens | 
  ForEach-Object { '{0} x {1}' -f $_.Bounds.Width, $_.Bounds.Height } 

输出：

2560 x 1600
2880 x 1620
副显示器结果正确，但主显示器仍与真实值不符。

方法3：使用Win32_VideoController #

$height = (((Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_VideoController).VideoModeDescription  -split "`n")[0]  -split ' ')[2]
$width = (((Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_VideoController).VideoModeDescription  -split "`n")[0]  -split ' ')[0]
echo $width, $height

输出：

1920 1200
仅能获取主显示器分辨率，副显示器信息丢失。

真实分辨率（系统推荐值）：

• 主显示器：1920 x 1200
• 副显示器：2560 x 1600

正确解决方案 #

方案1：使用Win32_DesktopMonitor（需管理员权限） #

该类可直接返回每个显示器的硬件原生分辨率，需以管理员身份运行PowerShell：

Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_DesktopMonitor | ForEach-Object {
    Write-Host "$($_.DeviceID) 真实分辨率：$($_.ScreenWidth) x $($_.ScreenHeight)"
}

方案2：调用Windows API EnumDisplaySettingsEx #

通过直接调用系统API枚举注册表中存储的推荐分辨率，精准获取真实值：

Add-Type @"
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class DisplayInfo {
    public const int ENUM_CURRENT_SETTINGS = -1;
    public const int ENUM_REGISTRY_SETTINGS = -2;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct DEVMODE {
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst=32)]
        public string dmDeviceName;
        public short dmSpecVersion;
        public short dmDriverVersion;
        public short dmSize;
        public short dmDriverExtra;
        public int dmFields;
        public int dmPositionX;
        public int dmPositionY;
        public int dmDisplayOrientation;
        public int dmDisplayFixedOutput;
        public short dmColor;
        public short dmDuplex;
        public short dmYResolution;
        public short dmTTOption;
        public short dmCollate;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst=32)]
        public string dmFormName;
        public short dmLogPixels;
        public int dmBitsPerPel;
        public int dmPelsWidth;
        public int dmPelsHeight;
        public int dmDisplayFlags;
        public int dmDisplayFrequency;
        public int dmICMMethod;
        public int dmICMIntent;
        public int dmMediaType;
        public int dmDitherType;
        public int dmReserved1;
        public int dmReserved2;
        public int dmPanningWidth;
        public int dmPanningHeight;
    }

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode)]
    public static extern bool EnumDisplaySettingsEx(string lpszDeviceName, int iModeNum, ref DEVMODE lpDevMode, int dwFlags);
}
"@

$devMode = New-Object DisplayInfo+DEVMODE
$devMode.dmSize = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf($devMode)
$deviceIndex = 0

while ([DisplayInfo]::EnumDisplaySettingsEx([IntPtr]::Zero, [DisplayInfo]::ENUM_REGISTRY_SETTINGS, [ref]$devMode, 0)) {
    if ($devMode.dmPelsWidth -gt 0 -and $devMode.dmPelsHeight -gt 0) {
        Write-Host "显示器 $deviceIndex 真实分辨率：$($devMode.dmPelsWidth) x $($devMode.dmPelsHeight)"
        $deviceIndex++
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者TheRob87