VS Code中无法运行基础Azure Function的问题求助

按下F5运行基于.NET 8.0 LTS创建的Azure Function应用时，出现以下错误：

C:\Users\Alex .nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018: The "GenerateFunctionMetadata" task failed unexpectedly.

[C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]

C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5):

error MSB4018: System.IO.IOException: The process cannot access the file '?\C: \Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\obj\Debug\net8.0\WorkerExtensions' because it is being used by another process. [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]

C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at System.IO.FileSystem.RemoveDirectoryInternal(String fullPath, Boolean topLevel, Boolean allowDirectoryNotEmpty) [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at System.IO.FileSystem.RemoveDirectoryRecursive(String fullPath, WIN32_FIND_DATA& findData, Boolean topLevel) [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at System.IO.FileSystem.RemoveDirectory(String fullPath, Boolean recursive) [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.ExtensionsCsprojGenerator.RecreateDirectory(String directoryPath) in D:\a_work\1\s\sdk\Sdk\ExtensionsCsprojGenerator.cs:line 54 [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.ExtensionsCsprojGenerator.Generate() in D:\a_work\1\s\sdk\Sdk\ExtensionsCsprojGenerator.cs:line 46 [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.Tasks.GenerateFunctionMetadata.Execute() in D:\a_work\1\s\sdk\Sdk\Tasks\GenerateFunctionMetadata.cs:line 53 [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.TaskExecutionHost.Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.ITaskExecutionHost.Execute() [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]
C:\Users\Alex.nuget\packages\microsoft.azure.functions.worker.sdk\2.0.0\build\Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk.targets(136,5): error MSB4018:

at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.TaskBuilder.ExecuteInstantiatedTask(ITaskExecutionHost taskExecutionHost, TaskLoggingContext taskLoggingContext, TaskHost taskHost, ItemBucket bucket, TaskExecutionMode howToExecuteTask) [C:\Repos\k.Integration.ocommMessages\k.Integration.ocommMessages.csproj]

我创建了新的Function应用，添加了.gitignore和几个C#类，尝试运行时出现上述错误。已重启VS Code和电脑，但问题依旧。原本无问题的其他Azure Function项目在VS Code中也出现相同错误，但该项目可在Visual Studio 2022中正常运行。

已尝试操作 #

dotnet add package Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk --prerelease
dotnet outdated
dotnet tool install --global dotnet-outdated
dotnet outdated --update

当前项目.csproj配置 #

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
    <AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
    <!-- Application Insights isn't enabled by default. See https://aka.ms/AAt8mw4. -->
    <!-- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.WorkerService" Version="2.22.0" /> -->
    <!-- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.ApplicationInsights" Version="2.0.0" /> -->
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http" Version="3.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http.AspNetCore" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" Version="2.0.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <None Update="host.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </None>
    <None Update="local.settings.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
      <CopyToPublishDirectory>Never</CopyToPublishDirectory>
    </None>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <Using Include="System.Threading.ExecutionContext" Alias="ExecutionContext" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

解决方案 #

• 终止占用文件的进程：打开任务管理器，结束所有dotnet、func相关进程，再重新运行项目。
• 手动清理构建目录：删除项目根目录下的obj和bin文件夹，执行dotnet clean && dotnet build后再按F5启动。
• 调整Worker SDK版本：当前使用的2.0.0版本存在文件占用问题，尝试切换到1.16.0稳定版：

  dotnet add package Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk --version 1.16.0
  

• 更新VS Code Azure Functions扩展：打开VS Code扩展面板，找到Azure Functions扩展，更新到最新版本；若问题依旧，可回退到之前的稳定版本。
• 禁用VS Code增量构建：在VS Code设置中搜索dotnet build，关闭增量构建相关选项，改用终端手动执行完整构建后启动。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alex Gordon