Android Studio中添加任意Flutter包后编译失败的问题求助

错误日志 #

Launching lib\main.dart on AOSP on IA Emulator in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':path_provider_android:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.
> Could not resolve all files for configuration ':path_provider_android:androidJdkImage'.
   > Failed to transform core-for-system-modules.jar to match attributes {artifactType=_internal_android_jdk_image, org.gradle.libraryelements=jar, org.gradle.usage=java-runtime}.
      > Execution failed for JdkImageTransform: C:\Users\dimitri\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platforms\android-34\core-for-system-modules.jar.
         > Error while executing process C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jbr\bin\jlink.exe with arguments {--module-path C:\Users\dimitri\.gradle\caches\transforms-3\4a46fc89ed5f9adfe3afebf74eb8bfeb\transformed\output\temp\jmod --add-modules java.base --output C:\Users\dimitri\.gradle\caches\transforms-3\4a46fc89ed5f9adfe3afebf74eb8bfeb\transformed\output\jdkImage --disable-plugin system-modules}

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.
> Get more help at https://help.gradle.org.

BUILD FAILED in 26s
Error: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

环境版本信息 #

Flutter/Dart版本 #

flutter --version
Flutter 3.24.5 • channel stable • https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
Framework • revision dec2ee5c1f (5 days ago) • 2024-11-13 11:13:06 -0800
Engine • revision a18df97ca5
Tools • Dart 3.5.4 • DevTools 2.37.3

Gradle/Java版本 #

PS E:\DevEnv\flutter\projects\doit\lesson01\android> ./gradlew -version

------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 8.3
------------------------------------------------------------

Build time:   2023-08-17 07:06:47 UTC
Revision:     8afbf24b469158b714b36e84c6f4d4976c86fcd5

Kotlin:       1.9.0
Groovy:       3.0.17
Ant:          Apache Ant(TM) version 1.10.13 compiled on January 4 2023
JVM:          17.0.12 (Oracle Corporation 17.0.12+8-LTS-286)
OS:           Windows 11 10.0 amd64

Pubspec.yaml配置 #

name: lesson01
description: "DoIt Lesson Project."
publish_to: 'none' # Remove this line if you wish to publish to pub.dev
version: 1.0.0+1

environment:
  sdk: ">=3.5.0 <4.0.0"

dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter

  cupertino_icons: ^1.0.8
  google_fonts: ^6.2.1

dev_dependencies:
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter

  flutter_lints: ^5.0.0

flutter:
  uses-material-design: true

问题根源 #

这个错误核心是Gradle通过jlink工具处理Android 34的core-for-system-modules.jar生成JDK镜像时失败，主要诱因包括：

1. Android SDK Platform 34的系统模块文件损坏或不完整
2. 当前使用的Oracle JDK 17.0.12与Android Studio内置的JBR（JetBrains Runtime）存在兼容性冲突，导致jlink执行出错
3. Gradle缓存中的旧文件干扰了正常编译流程

解决方法 #

• 修复Android SDK Platform 34：打开Android Studio的SDK Manager，找到「Android 14 (API 34)」，先卸载再重新安装，确保core-for-system-modules.jar文件完整无损坏
• 统一JDK路径：在Android Studio的「Project Structure」中，将项目JDK路径设置为Android Studio内置的JBR，路径为C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jbr，保证Gradle和IDE使用同一版本JDK
• 清理Gradle缓存：删除用户目录下的.gradle/caches文件夹（路径：C:\Users\dimitri\.gradle\caches），然后依次执行flutter clean和flutter pub get命令，重新生成依赖缓存
• 降级Android SDK版本：如果上述方法无效，修改android/app/build.gradle文件，将compileSdkVersion和targetSdkVersion改为33，避开API 34的兼容性问题
• 升级Gradle版本：修改android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties中的distributionUrl为https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.6-all.zip，升级到更稳定的Gradle版本以提升兼容性

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ussrback