Azure Service Bus Emulator Docker部署及Java连接问题排查

问题描述 #

• 自定义Config.json未被容器读取，启动后使用默认配置
• Java测试代码报错：Connection refused: localhost/[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1]:443

我的Docker Compose配置 #

name: microsoft-azure-servicebus-emulator
services:
  emulator:
    container_name: "servicebus-emulator"
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/azure-messaging/servicebus-emulator:latest
    volumes:
      - "Config.json"
    ports:
      - "5672:5672" # AMQP port
      - "9354:9354" # Management port
    environment:
      SQL_SERVER: sqledge
      MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD: Adm1n!@2123
      ACCEPT_EULA: Y
    depends_on:
      - sqledge
    networks:
      sb-emulator:
        aliases:
          - "sb-emulator"
  sqledge:
    container_name: "sqledge"
    image: "mcr.microsoft.com/azure-sql-edge:latest"
    networks:
      sb-emulator:
        aliases:
          - "sqledge"
    environment:
      ACCEPT_EULA: Y
      MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD: Adm1n!@2123
networks:
  sb-emulator: 

测试代码 #

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String CONNECTION_STRING ="Endpoint=sb://localhost;SharedAccessKeyName=RootManageSharedAccessKey;SharedAccessKey=SAS_KEY_VALUE;UseDevelopmentEmulator=true;";
    ServiceBusAdministrationClient serviceBusAdministrationClient = new ServiceBusAdministrationClientBuilder()
            .connectionString(CONNECTION_STRING).buildClient();
    boolean subscriptionExists = serviceBusAdministrationClient.getSubscriptionExists("topic.1", "subscription.1");
    System.out.println("Subscription exists: " + subscriptionExists);
}

报错信息 #

Exception in thread "main" java.io.UncheckedIOException: io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException: Connection refused: localhost/[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1]:443

问题修复方案 #

1. 自定义Config.json未读取的修复 #

当前Docker Compose的volumes配置仅创建了匿名卷，未将本地文件映射到容器内的正确路径。Service Bus Emulator容器内默认读取/home/servicebus/config/Config.json，需修改volumes配置为：

volumes:
  - ./Config.json:/home/servicebus/config/Config.json

确保本地Config.json与docker-compose.yml在同一目录，或使用绝对路径指定本地文件位置。

2. Connection refused:443错误的修复 #

报错原因是客户端尝试通过HTTPS(443端口)连接，但容器未暴露该端口，且模拟器默认使用HTTP协议。需调整以下几点：

• 修改连接字符串：显式指定管理端口9354，并添加传输类型配置：

  String CONNECTION_STRING = "Endpoint=sb://localhost:9354;SharedAccessKeyName=RootManageSharedAccessKey;SharedAccessKey=SAS_KEY_VALUE;UseDevelopmentEmulator=true;TransportType=AmqpWebSockets;";
  

• 检查端口占用：用netstat -ano | findstr :9354（Windows）或lsof -i :9354（Linux/Mac）确认9354端口未被其他进程占用。
• 优化容器启动顺序：添加健康检查确保SQL Edge就绪后再启动模拟器，避免初始化失败：

  services:
    emulator:
      # 其他配置不变
      healthcheck:
        test: ["CMD-SHELL", "/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S sqledge -U sa -P Adm1n!@2123 -Q 'SELECT 1' || exit 1"]
        interval: 10s
        timeout: 5s
        retries: 5
      depends_on:
        sqledge:
          condition: service_healthy
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Oded Kessler