如何配置Docker中CosmosDB模拟器的强一致性级别？

我在.NET Core测试项目中使用Docker容器化的CosmosDB模拟器，当代码请求Strong一致性级别时，模拟器抛出如下ArgumentException异常：

System.ArgumentException
ConsistencyLevel Strong specified in the request is invalid when service is
configured with consistency level Session.
Ensure the request consistency level is not stronger than the service
consistency level.

at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.Handlers.RequestInvokerHandler.ValidateAndSetConsistencyLevelAsync(RequestMessage requestMessage)
at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.Handlers.RequestInvokerHandler.SendAsync(RequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.Handlers.RequestInvokerHandler.SendAsync(String resourceUriString, ResourceType resourceType, OperationType operationType, RequestOptions requestOptions, ContainerInternal cosmosContainerCore, FeedRange feedRange, Stream streamPayload, Action1 requestEnricher, ITrace trace, CancellationToken cancellationToken) at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.ContainerCore.ProcessItemStreamAsync(Nullable1 partitionKey, String itemId, Stream streamPayload, OperationType operationType, ItemRequestOptions requestOptions, ITrace trace, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.ContainerCore.ExtractPartitionKeyAndProcessItemStreamAsync[T](Nullable1 partitionKey, String itemId, T item, OperationType operationType, ItemRequestOptions requestOptions, ITrace trace, CancellationToken cancellationToken) at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.ContainerCore.CreateItemAsync[T](T item, ITrace trace, Nullable1 partitionKey, ItemRequestOptions requestOptions, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.ClientContextCore.RunWithDiagnosticsHelperAsync[TResult](String containerName, String databaseName, OperationType operationType, ITrace trace, Func2 task, Func2 openTelemetry, String operationName, RequestOptions requestOptions)
at Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.ClientContextCore.<>c__DisplayClass31_0`1.<<OperationHelperWithRootTraceWithSynchronizationContextAsync>b__0>d.MoveNext()
...

代码中创建Item时指定了一致性级别：

await container.CreateItemAsync
(
    item: item,
    partitionKeyValue,
    new ItemRequestOptions { ConsistencyLevel = ConsistencyLevel.Strong },
    cancellationToken
);

我清楚一致性模型的限制，不想修改现有代码（代码使用Strong一致性有合理原因，降低级别可能引发潜在问题），请问如何配置Docker中的CosmosDB模拟器为Strong一致性，使其不再拒绝请求？

要将Docker中的CosmosDB模拟器配置为Strong一致性，可通过环境变量修改其默认设置，以下是两种常用实现方式：

方式一：docker run命令直接指定 #

启动容器时，添加AZURE_COSMOS_EMULATOR_DEFAULT_CONSISTENCY_LEVEL环境变量并设置值为Strong：

docker run -p 8081:8081 -p 10251:10251 -p 10252:10252 -p 10253:10253 -p 10254:10254 \
    -e AZURE_COSMOS_EMULATOR_DEFAULT_CONSISTENCY_LEVEL=Strong \
    mcr.microsoft.com/cosmosdb/linux/azure-cosmos-emulator

方式二：docker-compose配置文件定义 #

若使用docker-compose管理容器，在服务的environment节点中添加对应配置：

version: '3.8'
services:
  cosmosdb-emulator:
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/cosmosdb/linux/azure-cosmos-emulator
    ports:
      - "8081:8081"
      - "10251:10251"
      - "10252:10252"
      - "10253:10253"
      - "10254:10254"
    environment:
      - AZURE_COSMOS_EMULATOR_DEFAULT_CONSISTENCY_LEVEL=Strong

关键注意事项 #

• 环境变量名称区分大小写，必须严格按照AZURE_COSMOS_EMULATOR_DEFAULT_CONSISTENCY_LEVEL填写
• 修改配置后需重新启动容器，新的一致性级别才会生效
• 模拟器支持的一致性级别包括：Strong、BoundedStaleness、Session、ConsistentPrefix、Eventual，可按需选择

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Tim Abell