Flutter打包APK遇R8版本错误：需更新kotlinx-metadata-jvm

错误信息 #

ERROR: R8: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Provided Metadata instance has version 2.1.0, while maximum supported version is 2.0.0. To support newer versions, update the kotlinx-metadata-jvm library.
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

问题详情 #

• 任务 :app:minifyReleaseWithR8 执行失败

执行com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.R8Task$R8Runnable时出错，编译未完成

问题原因 #

当前使用的Kotlin Android插件版本（2.1.0）过高，与Android Gradle Plugin（AGP 8.3.2）内置的R8工具不兼容——R8仅支持最高2.0.0版本的kotlinx-metadata-jvm，而Kotlin 2.1.0会生成更高版本的元数据。

解决方案 #

方案1：降低Kotlin插件版本（推荐） #

修改settings.gradle中的Kotlin插件版本为AGP 8.3.2兼容的1.9.x系列，比如1.9.24：

// settings.gradle中修改该行
id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android" version "1.9.24" apply false

方案2：升级Android Gradle Plugin #

将AGP版本升级到支持Kotlin 2.1.0的版本（如8.4.0及以上），同时同步更新Kotlin插件版本确保匹配：

// settings.gradle中修改
id "com.android.application" version "8.4.0" apply false
id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android" version "2.1.0" apply false

验证步骤 #

1. 执行清理命令：flutter clean
2. 重新打包Release APK：flutter build apk --release

用户原配置文件 #

android/build.gradle #

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

rootProject.buildDir = "../build"
subprojects {
    project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
}
subprojects {
    project.evaluationDependsOn(":app")
}

tasks.register("clean", Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

app/build.gradle #

plugins {
    id "com.android.application"
    // START: FlutterFire Configuration
    id 'com.google.gms.google-services'
    // END: FlutterFire Configuration
    id "kotlin-android"
    // The Flutter Gradle Plugin must be applied after the Android and Kotlin Gradle plugins.
    id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin"
}

android {
    namespace = "com.mynoona.noona"
    compileSdk = flutter.compileSdkVersion
    ndkVersion = "25.1.8937393"

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
    }

    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
    }

    defaultConfig {
        // TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
        applicationId = "com.mynoona.noona"
        // You can update the following values to match your application needs.
        // For more information, see: https://flutter.dev/to/review-gradle-config.
        minSdk = 23
        targetSdk = flutter.targetSdkVersion
        versionCode = flutter.versionCode
        versionName = flutter.versionName
        multiDexEnabled true
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            // TODO: Add your own signing config for the release build.
            // Signing with the debug keys for now, so `flutter run --release` works.
            signingConfig = signingConfigs.debug
        }
    }
}

flutter {
    source = "../.."
}

settings.gradle #

pluginManagement {
    def flutterSdkPath = {
        def properties = new Properties()
        file("local.properties").withInputStream { properties.load(it) }
        def flutterSdkPath = properties.getProperty("flutter.sdk")
        assert flutterSdkPath != null, "flutter.sdk not set in local.properties"
        return flutterSdkPath
    }()

    includeBuild("$flutterSdkPath/packages/flutter_tools/gradle")

    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        gradlePluginPortal()
    }
}

plugins {
    id "dev.flutter.flutter-plugin-loader" version "1.0.0"
    id "com.android.application" version "8.3.2" apply false
    // START: FlutterFire Configuration
    id "com.google.gms.google-services" version "4.3.15" apply false
    // END: FlutterFire Configuration
    id "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android" version "2.1.0" apply false
}

include ":app"

gradle.properties #

org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx4G -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=2G -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Asfandyar