Ubuntu下VSCode无法构建/打开Devcontainer：Docker Build时lstat失败

问题场景 #

• 环境：Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS、Docker 27.2.0（build 3ab4256）、VSCode Remote Containers插件0.394.0
• 现象：打开多个不同仓库的Dev Container均失败，核心报错为ERROR: resolve : lstat /tmp/devcontainercli-<USERNAME>: no such file or directory

完整报错信息 #

mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/java:11
[6654 ms] Start: Run: docker buildx build --load --build-arg BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE=1 -f /tmp/devcontainercli-<USERNAME>/container-features/0.72.0-1734105891999/Dockerfile-with-features -t vsc-sample-dd36907828f3213d85a1bc1c5a049f9547307b19b12650f341b623807eb5e56e --target dev_containers_target_stage --build-arg VARIANT=11 --build-arg INSTALL_MAVEN=false --build-arg INSTALL_GRADLE=false --build-arg INSTALL_NODE=false --build-arg NODE_VERSION=lts/* --build-arg INSTALL_SBT=true --build-arg _DEV_CONTAINERS_BASE_IMAGE=dev_container_auto_added_stage_label /home/<USERNAME>/devcontainers/vscode-dev-containers-scala-sbt/sample/.devcontainer
[+] Building 0.0s (0/0)                                          docker:default
ERROR: resolve : lstat /tmp/devcontainercli-<USERNAME>: no such file or directory
[7562 ms] Error: Command failed: docker buildx build --load --build-arg BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE=1 -f /tmp/devcontainercli-<USERNAME>/container-features/0.72.0-1734105891999/Dockerfile-with-features -t vsc-sample-dd36907828f3213d85a1bc1c5a049f9547307b19b12650f341b623807eb5e56e --target dev_containers_target_stage --build-arg VARIANT=11 --build-arg INSTALL_MAVEN=false --build-arg INSTALL_GRADLE=false --build-arg INSTALL_NODE=false --build-arg NODE_VERSION=lts/* --build-arg INSTALL_SBT=true --build-arg _DEV_CONTAINERS_BASE_IMAGE=dev_container_auto_added_stage_label /home/<USERNAME>/devcontainers/vscode-dev-containers-scala-sbt/sample/.devcontainer
[7562 ms]     at RtA (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:466:1933)
[7562 ms]     at async _m (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:465:1896)
[7563 ms]     at async bH (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:465:610)
[7563 ms]     at async TtA (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:482:3848)
[7563 ms]     at async iB (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:482:4963)
[7563 ms]     at async wrA (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:663:203)
[7563 ms]     at async DrA (/home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:662:14830)
[7563 ms]     at async /home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js:482:1190
[7572 ms] Exit code 1
[7584 ms] Command failed: /usr/share/code/code /home/<USERNAME>/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.394.0/dist/spec-node/devContainersSpecCLI.js up --user-data-folder /home/<USERNAME>/.config/Code/User/globalStorage/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers/data --container-session-data-folder /tmp/devcontainers-41c979f9-ad0d-41be-b094-a32fe3da171d1734105883116 --workspace-folder /home/<USERNAME>/devcontainers/vscode-dev-containers-scala-sbt/sample --workspace-mount-consistency cached --gpu-availability detect --id-label devcontainer.local_folder=/home/<USERNAME>/devcontainers/vscode-dev-containers-scala-sbt/sample --id-label devcontainer.config_file=/home/<USERNAME>/devcontainers/vscode-dev-containers-scala-sbt/sample/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json --log-level debug --log-format json --config /home/<USERNAME>/devcontainers/vscode-dev-containers-scala-sbt/sample/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json --default-user-env-probe loginInteractiveShell --mount type=volume,source=vscode,target=/vscode,external=true --skip-post-create --update-remote-user-uid-default on --mount-workspace-git-root --include-configuration --include-merged-configuration
[7585 ms] Exit code 1

可能的原因及解决方法 #

• 临时目录权限或自动清理问题
  • 检查/tmp目录权限：执行ls -ld /tmp，确认权限为drwxrwxrwt，确保当前用户有读写权限
  • 排查系统自动清理机制：查看/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf，确认临时文件留存时间是否过短；若存在定时清理任务，可临时禁用后重试
• Docker与插件版本兼容性冲突
  • Docker 27.x属于较新版本，可能和Remote Containers插件0.394.0存在兼容问题，可尝试降级Docker到26.x稳定版，或升级Remote Containers插件至最新版本
• 用户名包含特殊字符
  • 执行whoami检查用户名，若包含空格、非ASCII字符等特殊符号，可能导致插件生成临时路径时解析错误，建议使用仅含字母、数字、下划线的用户名
• 插件缓存或临时文件异常
  • 关闭VSCode，删除以下目录后重启重试：
    • ~/.config/Code/User/globalStorage/ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers
    • /tmp下所有以devcontainercli-或devcontainers-开头的文件夹

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alexandr Savochkin