ESP-NOW发送失败、接收无响应问题排查求助

我是ESP-NOW新手，用两块Adafruit QT Py ESP32-C3开发板做收发测试：一块发送消息，另一块通过串口打印接收内容。所有初始化步骤都返回成功（无ESP错误码），但发送回调始终返回失败状态，接收端的接收回调完全没触发，串口也没有相关输出。

已尝试的操作：

• 设置发送端Peer的WiFi通道与接收端一致
• 互换收发板角色
• 从PlatformIO切换到Arduino IDE
• 禁用LED指示灯，仅保留串口输出
• 直接使用dronebotworkshop、randomnerd、volosproject的教程代码

问题仍未解决，以下是串口日志及代码：

发送端（COM4）串口日志 #

34:85:18:17:DC:2C
ESP-NOW init OK
send callback registered OK
Peer added
Wifi channel:
1
Attempting to send 0
esp_now_send sent complete
Failed to send
Attempting to send 1
Callback invoked with status: 1
esp_now_send sent complete
Failed to send

接收端（COM3）串口日志 #

34:85:18:17:EA:28
ESP-NOW init OK
receive calback registered OK
Wifi channel:
1

SENDER CODE #

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <esp_now.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
// #include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#include "controllerGlobals.h"

// Adafruit_NeoPixel strip(NUM_PIXELS, LED_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800); // create led strip

// Helper function to set color
// void setLEDColor(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
//     strip.setPixelColor(0, strip.Color(red, green, blue)); // Set color for first pixel
//     strip.show();
// }

esp_now_peer_info_t peerInfo;
uint8_t data = 0;
uint8_t sentFailed= 1; // 0 = success, 1 = failed


void sendDataCb(const uint8_t* macAddress, esp_now_send_status_t sentStatus) {
  Serial.printf("Callback invoked with status: %d\n", sentStatus);
  if(sentStatus == ESP_NOW_SEND_SUCCESS)
  {
    sentFailed = 0;
  }
  else
  {
    //ERROR: FAILED TO SEND
    sentFailed = 1;
  }
}

void blinkSendResult()
{
  if(sentFailed)
  {
    //ERROR: FAILED TO SEND
    Serial.println("Failed to send");
    // for(short i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    // {
    //   setLEDColor(LED_RED);
    //   usleep(250*1000); //sleep 250ms
    //   setLEDColor(LED_OFF);
    //   usleep(250*1000); //sleep 250ms
    // }
  }
  else
  {
    // successful send!
    Serial.println("Successful send!");
    // for(short i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    // {
    //   setLEDColor(LED_GREEN);
    //   usleep(500*1000); //sleep 250ms
    //   setLEDColor(LED_OFF);
    //   usleep(500*1000); //sleep 250ms
    // }
    sentFailed = 1; //reset sentfailed flag for next loop
  }
}

void setup() {
  // start serial port
  Serial.begin(CONFIG_MONITOR_BAUD_OTHER_VAL); //115200

  //INITIALIZE LED
  // strip.begin();       // Initialize the Neopixel library
  // strip.setBrightness(10); // Set brightness (0 to 255; 50 is about 20% brightness)
  // strip.show();        // Turn off all LEDs initially

  // initialize wifi module in station mode
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  // WiFi.disconnect();
  WiFi.channel(1);

  // print mac address to serial port
  // sleep(5);
  delay(5000);
  // Serial.printf("%s\n", String(WiFi.macAddress()).c_str());
  Serial.println(String(WiFi.macAddress()));

  // initialize esp-now protocol
  if(esp_now_init() == ESP_OK)
  {
    Serial.println("ESP-NOW init OK");
  }
  if (esp_now_register_send_cb(sendDataCb) == ESP_OK){
    Serial.println("send callback registered OK");
  }
  
  //register esp-now peer 
  memcpy(peerInfo.peer_addr, receiverAddr, 6);
  peerInfo.channel = 1;  
  peerInfo.encrypt = false;
  // Add peer        
  if (esp_now_add_peer(&peerInfo) != ESP_OK){
    Serial.println("Failed to add peer");
    return;
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("Peer added");
  }
  Serial.println("Wifi channel:");
  Serial.println(WiFi.channel());

}

void loop() {

  Serial.printf("Attempting to send %d\n", data);
  // sleep(3);
  // delay(500);
  // setLEDColor(LED_YELLOW);
  // sleep(3);
  // delay(1000);
  // setLEDColor(LED_OFF);
  // sleep(3);
  delay(1000);
  if(esp_now_send(peerInfo.peer_addr, (uint8_t*)&data, sizeof(data)) != ESP_OK)
  {
    Serial.println("esp_now_send failed");
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("esp_now_send sent complete");
  }
  blinkSendResult();
  data = (data) ? 0 : 1;
}

RECEIVER CODE #

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <esp_now.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#include "controllerGlobals.h"

Adafruit_NeoPixel strip(NUM_PIXELS, LED_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800); // create led strip

// Helper function to set color
void setLEDColor(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
    strip.setPixelColor(0, strip.Color(red, green, blue)); // Set color for first pixel
    strip.show();
}

uint8_t data = 2;

void recvDataCb(const uint8_t * mac, const uint8_t *incomingData, int len) {
  Serial.println("Callback invoked");
  memcpy(&data, incomingData, sizeof(data));
  if(data == 0)
  {
    // reset data value
    data = 2;
    setLEDColor(LED_GREEN);
    sleep(1);
  }
  else if(data == 1)
  {
    // reset data value
    data = 2;
    setLEDColor(LED_BLUE);
    sleep(1);
  }
  else
  {
    // reset data value
    data = 2;
    setLEDColor(LED_RED);
    sleep(1);
  }
}


void setup() {
  // start serial port
  Serial.begin(CONFIG_MONITOR_BAUD_OTHER_VAL); //115200

  //INITIALIZE LED
  strip.begin();       // Initialize the Neopixel library
  strip.setBrightness(10); // Set brightness (0 to 255; 50 is about 20% brightness)
  strip.show();        // Turn off all LEDs initially

  // initialize wifi module in station mode
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  // WiFi.disconnect();

  // print mac address to serial port
  sleep(5);
  Serial.println(String(WiFi.macAddress()));

  // initialize esp-now protocol
  if(esp_now_init() == ESP_OK)
  {
    Serial.println("ESP-NOW init OK");
  }
  // esp_err_t cbregistration = esp_now_register_recv_cb(recvDataCb);
  if(esp_now_register_recv_cb(recvDataCb) == ESP_OK)
  {
    Serial.println("receive calback registered OK");
  }
  Serial.println("Wifi channel:");
  Serial.println(WiFi.channel());
}

void loop() {
  // Serial.println("Waiting LED ON");
  // setLEDColor(LED_YELLOW);
  // usleep(250*1000); //sleep 250ms
  // Serial.println("Waiting LED OFF");
  // setLEDColor(LED_OFF);
  // delay(1000);

}

controllerGlobals.h #

#include <Arduino.h>

#define LED_PIN 2       // Neopixel data pin (GPIO 2 for QT Py ESP32-C3)
#define NUM_PIXELS 1    // Number of LEDs (typically 1 for the built-in Neopixel)
// color definitions for LED
#define LED_RED 255,0,0
#define LED_GREEN 0,255,0
#define LED_BLUE 0,0,255
#define LED_YELLOW 255,255,0
#define LED_OFF 0,0,0

const uint8_t receiverAddr[] = {0x34, 0x85, 0x18, 0x17, 0xEA, 0x28}; //receiver -- com3
// const uint8_t receiverAddr[] = {0x34, 0x85, 0x18, 0x17, 0xDC, 0x2C}; //sender -- com4

恳请各位帮忙分析发送失败、无接收响应的原因，谢谢！

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者WKGuy