NextJS v15集成MDX后无法完成生产构建求助

背景信息 #

正在开发基于NextJS v15 App Router的网站，已按照官方文档安装@next/mdx及相关依赖。

问题描述 #

执行bun run build命令后无报错退出，但未生成生产环境构建产物。启动生产服务器时提示找不到.next目录。

错误日志 #

构建时日志 #

$ bun run build

$ next build
   ▲ Next.js 15.1.2
   - Environments: .env.local

   Creating an optimized production build ...
(node:15530) [DEP0040] DeprecationWarning: The `punycode` module is deprecated. Please use a userland alternative instead.
(Use `node --trace-deprecation ...` to show where the warning was created)
<w> [webpack.cache.PackFileCacheStrategy] Caching failed for pack: Error: Unable to snapshot resolve dependencies
<w> [webpack.cache.PackFileCacheStrategy] Caching failed for pack: Error: Unable to snapshot resolve dependencies

启动生产服务器时日志 #

$ bun start

$ next start
   ▲ Next.js 15.1.2
   - Local:        http://localhost:3000
   - Network:      http://10.255.255.254:3000

 ✓ Starting...
[Error: Could not find a production build in the '.next' directory. Try building your app with 'next build' before starting the production server.]
error: script "start" exited with code 1

已尝试的解决方案 #

• 移除所有依赖、清理缓存后重新用bun install安装
• 改用npm执行安装和构建操作
• 将NextJS版本降级至14.2.21

复现步骤 #

创建使用App Router的NextJS应用，按照官方文档安装MDX相关依赖即可复现。

补充信息 #

依赖列表 #

"dependencies": {
    "@hookform/resolvers": "^3.9.1",
    "@icons-pack/react-simple-icons": "^10.2.0",
    "@mdx-js/loader": "^3.1.0",
    "@mdx-js/react": "^3.1.0",
    "@next/mdx": "^15.1.2",
    "@radix-ui/react-accordion": "^1.2.2",
    "@radix-ui/react-dialog": "^1.1.4",
    "@radix-ui/react-icons": "^1.3.2",
    "@radix-ui/react-label": "^2.1.1",
    "@radix-ui/react-slot": "^1.1.1",
    "@types/mdx": "^2.0.13",
    "class-variance-authority": "^0.7.1",
    "clsx": "^2.1.1",
    "embla-carousel-autoplay": "^8.5.1",
    "embla-carousel-react": "^8.5.1",
    "husky": "^9.1.7",
    "lint-staged": "^15.2.11",
    "lucide-react": "^0.469.0",
    "next": "^15.1.2",
    "next-themes": "^0.4.4",
    "react": "19.0.0",
    "react-countup": "^6.5.3",
    "react-dom": "19.0.0",
    "react-hook-form": "^7.54.2",
    "sharp": "^0.33.5",
    "sonner": "^1.7.1",
    "tailwind-merge": "^2.6.0",
    "tailwindcss-animate": "^1.0.7",
    "wemakedevs": ".",
    "zod": "^3.24.1"
}

NextJS配置 #

// next.config.mjs

import createMDX from "@next/mdx";

/** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */
const nextConfig = {
    // Configure `pageExtensions` to include markdown and MDX files
    pageExtensions: ["js", "jsx", "md", "mdx", "ts", "tsx"],
    // Optionally, add any other Next.js config below
};

const withMDX = createMDX({
    // Add markdown plugins here, as desired
});

// Merge MDX config with Next.js config
export default withMDX(nextConfig);

解决方案 #

1. 移除本地循环依赖 #

依赖列表中的"wemakedevs": "."会将当前项目作为依赖引入，触发循环依赖导致webpack缓存快照失败。直接删除该依赖项，重新执行构建。

2. 调整MDX配置适配Next.js 15 #

修改next.config.mjs，明确MDX配置项并使用defineConfig规范配置结构：

// next.config.mjs
import createMDX from "@next/mdx";
import { defineConfig } from 'next/config';

const withMDX = createMDX({
  options: {
    remarkPlugins: [],
    rehypePlugins: [],
  },
});

export default defineConfig(withMDX({
  pageExtensions: ["js", "jsx", "md", "mdx", "ts", "tsx"],
}));

3. 彻底清理缓存后重建 #

执行以下命令清空所有缓存并重新构建：

# 删除Next.js构建目录
rm -rf .next
# 清理Bun缓存
bun cache clean
# 重新安装依赖并构建
bun install && bun run build

4. 检查Node.js版本兼容性 #

Next.js 15要求Node.js版本为20.x或22.x，确认本地Node.js版本符合要求，避免版本不兼容导致的构建异常。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Adarsh Dubey