WinUI 3.0 + .NET 9 Native AOT下ListView/ItemsRepeater抛出ArgumentException问题

在WinUI 3.0结合.NET 9启用Native AOT发布时，使用ListView或ItemsRepeater会抛出ArgumentException，非AOT模式下代码运行完全正常。更换为ObservableList或字符串数组作为数据源后问题仍存在，使用ItemsRepeater时还会提示“Argument 'source' is not a supported vector”。

解决方案 #

1. 使用WinRT兼容的集合类型 #

Native AOT环境下，WinUI控件无法自动识别普通.NET集合的元数据，改用WinRT原生集合类型可直接解决问题：

// 替换原List<string>为ObservableVector<string>
Repeater.ItemsSource = new Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Data.ObservableVector<string> { "Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5" };

2. 保留.NET集合的AOT元数据 #

若想继续使用.NET集合类型，需通过rd.xml文件显式保留元数据：

1. 在项目根目录创建rd.xml文件，添加以下内容：

<Directives xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/netfx/2013/01/metadata">
  <Application>
    <Assembly Name="System.Collections" Dynamic="Required All" />
    <Type Name="System.Collections.Generic.List`1" Dynamic="Required All" />
    <Type Name="System.String[]" Dynamic="Required All" />
  </Application>
</Directives>

2. 在项目配置中引用该文件：

<PropertyGroup>
  <RdXmlFile>rd.xml</RdXmlFile>
</PropertyGroup>

3. 检查运行时封送与版本更新 #

• 确保DisableRuntimeMarshalling设为false（你的配置已满足），避免集合类型封送失败。
• 升级.NET 9和WinUI 3到最新预览版，部分Native AOT集合兼容性问题可能已被修复。

问题复现代码 #

XAML代码 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<UserControl
    x:Class="TestProject.UserControls.Home.AOTSourceTest"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:TestProject.UserControls.Home"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <UserControl.Resources>
        <DataTemplate x:Key="ItemTemplate" x:DataType="x:String">
            <TextBlock Text="{x:Bind}" />
        </DataTemplate>
    </UserControl.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListView
            Grid.Row="1"
            x:Name="Repeater"
            ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ItemTemplate}" />
    </Grid>
</UserControl>

C#代码 #

using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace TestProject.UserControls.Home
{
    public sealed partial class AOTSourceTest : UserControl
    {
        public AOTSourceTest()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Repeater.Loaded += AOTSourceTest_Loaded;
        }

        private void AOTSourceTest_Loaded(object sender, Microsoft.UI.Xaml.RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Repeater.ItemsSource = new List<string> { "Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5" };
        }
    }
}

项目配置 #

<PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>net9.0-windows10.0.26100.0</TargetFramework>
    <TargetPlatformMinVersion>10.0.17763.0</TargetPlatformMinVersion>
    <RootNamespace>TestProject</RootNamespace>
    <ApplicationManifest>app.manifest</ApplicationManifest>
    <UseWinUI>true</UseWinUI>
    <EnableMsixTooling>true</EnableMsixTooling>
    <PublishAot>true</PublishAot>
    <DisableRuntimeMarshalling>false</DisableRuntimeMarshalling>
    <PublishTrimmed>false</PublishTrimmed>
    <EnablePreviewFeatures>true</EnablePreviewFeatures>
</PropertyGroup>

错误堆栈 #

System.ArgumentException: Value does not fall within the expected range.
   at WinRT.ExceptionHelpers.<ThrowExceptionForHR>g__Throw|38_0(Int32 hr)
   at WinRT.ExceptionHelpers.ThrowExceptionForHR(Int32 hr)
   at ABI.Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls.IItemsControlMethods.set_ItemsSource(IObjectReference _obj, Object value)
   at Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls.ItemsControl.set_ItemsSource(Object value)
   at TestProject.UserControls.Home.AOTSourceTest.AOTSourceTest_Loaded(Object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
   at WinRT._EventSource_global__Microsoft_UI_Xaml_RoutedEventHandler.EventState.<GetEventInvoke>b__1_0(Object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
   at ABI.Microsoft.UI.Xaml.RoutedEventHandler.Do_Abi_Invoke(IntPtr thisPtr, IntPtr sender, IntPtr e)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Felix