Java中@Data注解无法生成Getter/Setter的问题求助

在Spring Boot项目中使用Lombok的@Data注解，期望自动生成equals、Getter、Setter等方法，但编译器无法识别这些方法，出现找不到方法的报错。单独使用@Getter和@Setter注解也无效，但手动编写Getter/Setter方法可正常运行，希望通过@Data注解实现自动生成。

报错信息 #

C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:39:25
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method getUsernameOrEmail()
  location: variable loginDto of type net.javaguides.springboot.LoginDto
C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:39:56
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method getPassword()
  location: variable loginDto of type net.javaguides.springboot.LoginDto
C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:60:13
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method setName(java.lang.String)
  location: variable user of type net.javaguides.springboot.User
C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:61:13
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method setUsername(java.lang.String)
  location: variable user of type net.javaguides.springboot.User
C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:62:13
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method setEmail(java.lang.String)
  location: variable user of type net.javaguides.springboot.User
C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:63:13
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method setPassword(java.lang.String)
  location: variable user of type net.javaguides.springboot.User
C:\Users\bdias\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\springboot-blog-rest-api\springboot-blog-rest-api\src\main\java\net\javaguides\springboot\AuthController.java:66:13
java: cannot find symbol
  symbol:   method setRoles(java.util.Set<net.javaguides.springboot.Role>)
  location: variable user of type net.javaguides.springboot.User

相关User类代码 #

import jakarta.persistence.*;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import java.util.Set;
@Setter
@Getter
@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "users", uniqueConstraints = {
        @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"username"}),
        @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"email"})
})
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;
    private String name;
    private String username;
    private String email;
    private String password;

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(name = "user_roles",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
    private Set<Role> roles;
}

解决方案 #

1. 确认Lombok依赖配置正确 #

确保项目构建文件中已添加Lombok依赖及注解处理器：

• Maven（pom.xml）：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

<!-- 编译插件中添加注解处理器 -->
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <annotationProcessorPaths>
                    <path>
                        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                    </path>
                </annotationProcessorPaths>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

• Gradle（build.gradle）：

compileOnly 'org.projectlombok:lombok'
annotationProcessor 'org.projectlombok:lombok'

2. 安装IDE的Lombok插件并开启注解处理 #

• IntelliJ IDEA：
  1. 打开Settings → Plugins，搜索"Lombok"安装后重启IDE
  2. 进入Settings → Build, Execution, Deployment → Compiler → Annotation Processors，勾选"Enable annotation processing"
• Eclipse：
  1. 下载Lombok.jar，双击运行后选择你的Eclipse安装路径
  2. 重启Eclipse并确认注解处理已开启

3. 清理缓存并重新构建项目 #

• 执行Maven命令：mvn clean install
• 或在IDE中点击Build → Rebuild Project，清除旧编译缓存

4. 移除冗余注解 #

@Data注解已包含@Getter、@Setter、@ToString、@EqualsAndHashCode等功能，无需重复添加@Getter和@Setter，修改后的User类：

@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "users", uniqueConstraints = {
        @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"username"}),
        @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"email"})
})
public class User {
    // 类内容不变
}

5. 检查LoginDto类的注解配置 #

报错中涉及LoginDto的方法找不到，需确认该类是否正确添加了@Data或@Getter/@Setter注解，确保注解生效。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dias Batyrbek