使用Supertest测试Express应用时Jest报500内部服务器错误

我在使用Jest结合Supertest测试Express应用时遇到500 Internal Server Error，但应用在浏览器或Postman中可正常运行，怀疑问题出在测试配置但无法定位具体原因。

运行npm test时的错误信息如下：

$ npm test

> kino-bio-projekt@0.0.0 test
> cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=--experimental-vm-modules jest

(node:16440) ExperimentalWarning: VM Modules is an experimental feature and might change at any time
(Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)
 FAIL  tests/movies.test.js
  × Home page shows list of movies and navigation links (31 ms)

  ● Home page shows list of movies and navigation links

    expected 200 "OK", got 500 "Internal Server Error"

      33 |   );
      34 |
    > 35 |   const response = await request(app).get('/').expect('Content-Type', /html/).expect(200);
         |                                                                               ^
      36 |
      37 |   expect(response.text).toMatch('Pulp Fiction');
      38 |   expect(response.text).toMatch('Fire Walk With Me');

      at Object.expect (tests/movies.test.js:35:79)
      ----
      at Test._assertStatus (node_modules/supertest/lib/test.js:252:14)
      at node_modules/supertest/lib/test.js:308:13
      at Test._assertFunction (node_modules/supertest/lib/test.js:285:13)
      at Test.assert (node_modules/supertest/lib/test.js:164:23)
      at Server.localAssert (node_modules/supertest/lib/test.js:120:14)

Test Suites: 1 failed, 1 total
Tests: 1 failed, 1 total
Snapshots: 0 total
Time: 0.617 s, estimated 1 s
Ran all test suites.

已进行的排查操作：

• 正常启动应用后，访问http://localhost:5080可正常显示电影列表；
• 添加全局错误处理器，但测试时控制台未输出错误日志；
• 确认模拟的fetchAllMovies已被调用并返回正确数据；
• 简化测试为仅请求'/'，仍出现500错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者brannar3