使用Anchor开发Solana USDC彩票金库编译报错求助

问题描述 #

使用Anchor 0.30.1开发Solana上的USDC彩票金库时，编译出现多个错误，核心问题是anchor_spl::token::TokenAccount和Mint未实现Discriminator trait，且无法找到create_type/insert_types关联方法。

错误信息 #

error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `create_type` found for struct `anchor_spl::token::TokenAccount` in the current scope
 --> programs/milionary-fun/src/instructions/initialize_lottery.rs:7:10
  |
7 | #[derive(Accounts)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^ function or associated item not found in `TokenAccount`
  |
  = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Accounts` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

error[E0277]: the trait bound `anchor_spl::token::TokenAccount: Discriminator` is not satisfied
 --> programs/milionary-fun/src/instructions/initialize_lottery.rs:25:45
   |
25 |     pub vault_token_account: Account<'info, TokenAccount>,
   |                                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `Discriminator` is not implemented for `anchor_spl::token::TokenAccount`
   |
   = help: the following other types implement trait `Discriminator`:
             __idl::IdlAccount
             anchor_lang::ProgramData
             anchor_lang::idl::IdlAccount
             instruction::InitializeLottery
             instruction::PushPicsou
             lottery::Lottery
             vault_pda::VaultPDA

error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `insert_types` found for struct `anchor_spl::token::TokenAccount` in the current scope
 --> programs/milionary-fun/src/instructions/initialize_lottery.rs:7:10
  |
7 | #[derive(Accounts)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^ function or associated item not found in `TokenAccount`
  |
  = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Accounts` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `create_type` found for struct `anchor_spl::token::Mint` in the current scope
 --> programs/milionary-fun/src/instructions/initialize_lottery.rs:7:10
  |
7 | #[derive(Accounts)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^ function or associated item not found in `Mint`
  |
  = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Accounts` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

error[E0277]: the trait bound `anchor_spl::token::Mint: Discriminator` is not satisfied
 --> programs/milionary-fun/src/instructions/initialize_lottery.rs:27:35
   |
27 |     pub usdc_mint: Account<'info, Mint>,
   |                                   ^^^^ the trait `Discriminator` is not implemented for `anchor_spl::token::Mint`
   |
   = help: the following other types implement trait `Discriminator`:
             __idl::IdlAccount
             anchor_lang::ProgramData
             anchor_lang::idl::IdlAccount
             instruction::InitializeLottery
             instruction::PushPicsou
             lottery::Lottery
             vault_pda::VaultPDA

error[E0599]: no function or associated item named `insert_types` found for struct `anchor_spl::token::Mint` in the current scope
 --> programs/milionary-fun/src/instructions/initialize_lottery.rs:7:10
  |
7 | #[derive(Accounts)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^ function or associated item not found in `Mint`
  |
  = note: this error originates in the derive macro `Accounts` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

Some errors have detailed explanations: E0277, E0599.
For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
error: could not compile `milionary-fun` (lib test) due to 6 previous errors
Error: Building IDL failed

原实现代码 #

use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use anchor_spl::token::{Mint, Token, TokenAccount};
use anchor_spl::associated_token::AssociatedToken;

use crate::states::VaultPDA;
use crate::{errors::MilionaryFunError, states::Lottery};
#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct InitializeLottery<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub authority: Signer<'info>,

    #[account(init, payer = authority, space = Lottery::SIZE)]
    pub lottery: Account<'info, Lottery>,

    #[account(
        init,
        payer = authority,
        seeds = [VaultPDA::SEED, lottery.key().as_ref()],
        bump,
        space = VaultPDA::SIZE
    )]
    pub vault_pda: Account<'info, VaultPDA>,

    #[account(init_if_needed, payer = authority, associated_token::mint = usdc_mint, associated_token::authority = vault_pda)]
    pub vault_token_account: Account<'info, TokenAccount>,

    pub usdc_mint: Account<'info, Mint>,

    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
    pub token_program: Program<'info, Token>,
    pub associated_token_program: Program<'info, AssociatedToken>,
}

pub fn handle_intialize_lottery(ctx: Context<InitializeLottery>, authority: Pubkey) -> Result<()> {
    let lottery = &mut ctx.accounts.lottery;
    let vault_pda = &mut ctx.accounts.vault_pda;

    require!(lottery.is_active == false, MilionaryFunError::LotteryAlreadyInitialized);

    lottery.authority = authority;
    lottery.vault = ctx.accounts.vault_token_account.key();
    lottery.picsou_address = Pubkey::default();
    lottery.current_ticket_id = 0;
    lottery.total_amount = 0;
    lottery.is_active = true;

    vault_pda.usdc_mint = ctx.accounts.usdc_mint.key();
    vault_pda.vault_token_account = ctx.accounts.vault_token_account.key();

    Ok(())
}

依赖配置(Cargo.toml) #

[package]
name = "milionary-fun"
version = "0.1.0"
description = "Created with Anchor"
edition = "2021"

[lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib", "lib"]
name = "milionary_fun"

[features]
default = []
cpi = ["no-entrypoint"]
no-entrypoint = []
no-idl = []
no-log-ix-name = []
idl-build = ["anchor-lang/idl-build", "anchor-lang/idl-build"]

[dependencies]
anchor-lang = { version = "0.30.1", features = ["init-if-needed"] }
anchor-spl = { version = "0.30.1", features = ["associated_token", "metadata", "token"] }

解决方案 #

Anchor 0.20+版本重构了token模块，原anchor_spl::token::TokenAccount和Mint是底层结构体，未实现#[derive(Accounts)]所需的trait，需要改用interface子模块下的对应类型：

步骤1：修改导入语句 #

将token相关类型的导入替换为interface下的版本：

use anchor_spl::token::{interface::{Mint, TokenAccount}, Token};

步骤2：调整账户结构体中的字段类型 #

移除Account<'info, T>包装，直接使用interface类型：

#[account(init_if_needed, payer = authority, associated_token::mint = usdc_mint, associated_token::authority = vault_pda)]
pub vault_token_account: interface::TokenAccount<'info>,

pub usdc_mint: interface::Mint<'info>,

修改后的完整代码 #

use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use anchor_spl::token::{interface::{Mint, TokenAccount}, Token};
use anchor_spl::associated_token::AssociatedToken;

use crate::states::VaultPDA;
use crate::{errors::MilionaryFunError, states::Lottery};

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct InitializeLottery<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub authority: Signer<'info>,

    #[account(init, payer = authority, space = Lottery::SIZE)]
    pub lottery: Account<'info, Lottery>,

    #[account(
        init,
        payer = authority,
        seeds = [VaultPDA::SEED, lottery.key().as_ref()],
        bump,
        space = VaultPDA::SIZE
    )]
    pub vault_pda: Account<'info, VaultPDA>,

    #[account(init_if_needed, payer = authority, associated_token::mint = usdc_mint, associated_token::authority = vault_pda)]
    pub vault_token_account: interface::TokenAccount<'info>,

    pub usdc_mint: interface::Mint<'info>,

    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
    pub token_program: Program<'info, Token>,
    pub associated_token_program: Program<'info, AssociatedToken>,
}

pub fn handle_intialize_lottery(ctx: Context<InitializeLottery>, authority: Pubkey) -> Result<()> {
    let lottery = &mut ctx.accounts.lottery;
    let vault_pda = &mut ctx.accounts.vault_pda;

    require!(lottery.is_active == false, MilionaryFunError::LotteryAlreadyInitialized);

    lottery.authority = authority;
    lottery.vault = ctx.accounts.vault_token_account.key();
    lottery.picsou_address = Pubkey::default();
    lottery.current_ticket_id = 0;
    lottery.total_amount = 0;
    lottery.is_active = true;

    vault_pda.usdc_mint = ctx.accounts.usdc_mint.key();
    vault_pda.vault_token_account = ctx.accounts.vault_token_account.key();

    Ok(())
}

原因说明 #

interface子模块下的TokenAccount和Mint实现了AccountDeserialize、Discriminator等必要trait，能被Anchor的Accounts派生宏正确解析，解决编译错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nayrosk