如何用Groovy HTTPBuilder发送含德语变音符号的REST请求？

问题根源 #

1. String不可变特性：代码中调用replace后未将结果赋值回原变量，导致长破折号–未被替换为普通-，德语变音符号也未得到正确处理。
2. 编码未明确指定：HTTPBuilder默认的JSON请求未显式设置UTF-8编码，而Postman会自动处理UTF-8编码，导致接口接收请求时解析失败。

修复步骤 #

• 对replace操作的结果进行赋值（Groovy中String是不可变对象，replace不会修改原字符串）。
• 显式设置Content-Type请求头为application/json;charset=utf-8，确保接口按UTF-8解析请求体。
• 可选：添加错误响应回调，打印接口返回的具体错误信息，精准定位问题。

修改后的完整代码 #

def http = new HTTPBuilder(<Endpoint>)
def token = ""
def zulieferer = Assets.search("objectSchemaId = 5 AND objectType = Lieferant")
zulieferer.each { asset ->
    try {
        def name = asset.getName()
        def kundennummer = asset.getString("Kundennummer")
        def kreditorNummer = asset.getString("Kreditor-Nummer")
        def strasse = asset.getString("Straße")
        def plz = asset.getString("PLZ")
        def ort = asset.getString("Ort")
        def fon = asset.getString("Telefon")
        def hotlineFon = asset.getString("Hotline Telefon")
        def hotlineMail = asset.getString("Hotline Mail")
        def homepage = asset.getString("Homepage")
        def consultant = asset.getString("Consultant")
        def sales = asset.getString("Sales")

        // 修复replace赋值问题，替换长破折号为普通短破折号
        if (name != null) {
            name = name.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (kundennummer != null) {
            kundennummer = kundennummer.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (kreditorNummer != null) {
            kreditorNummer = kreditorNummer.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (strasse != null) {
            strasse = strasse.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (plz != null) {
            plz = plz.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (ort != null) {
            ort = ort.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (fon != null) {
            fon = fon.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (hotlineFon != null) {
            hotlineFon = hotlineFon.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (hotlineMail != null) {
            hotlineMail = hotlineMail.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (homepage != null) {
            homepage = homepage.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (consultant != null) {
            consultant = consultant.replace("–", "-")
        }
        if (sales != null) {
            sales = sales.replace("–", "-")
        }

        def contactString = "<p>Kundennummer: ${kundennummer}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Kreditor-Nummer: ${kreditorNummer}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Strasse: ${strasse}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>PLZ: ${plz}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Ort: ${ort}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Telefon: ${fon}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Hotline Telefon: ${hotlineFon}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Hotline Mail: ${hotlineMail}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Homepage: ${homepage}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Consultant: ${consultant}</p>\n" +
                        "<p>Sales: ${sales}</p>"

        try {
            def jsonBody = [tenant: 1, name: name, contact: contactString, resourcetype: "ThirdParty"]
            http.request(POST, JSON) { req ->
                // 显式指定UTF-8编码
                headers.'Content-Type' = 'application/json;charset=utf-8'
                headers.'Authorization' = "Bearer ${token}"
                body = jsonBody
                response.success = { resp, json ->
                    // log.warn(json)
                }
                // 添加错误响应处理，查看具体错误信息
                response.failure = { resp, reader ->
                    log.warn("请求失败，响应状态: ${resp.statusLine}, 响应内容: ${reader.text}")
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            log.warn("Asset: ${name} konnte nicht angelegt werden | " + ex)
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.warn("处理Asset时出错: " + e)
    }
}

额外方案（若上述修改仍无效） #

尝试手动序列化JSON，避免HTTPBuilder默认序列化的编码问题：

import groovy.json.JsonBuilder
// 替换原请求部分代码
def jsonBuilder = new JsonBuilder(jsonBody)
def jsonString = jsonBuilder.toString()
http.request(POST) { req ->
    headers.'Content-Type' = 'application/json;charset=utf-8'
    headers.'Authorization' = "Bearer ${token}"
    body = jsonString.getBytes("UTF-8")
    response.success = { resp, json ->
        // log.warn(json)
    }
    response.failure = { resp, reader ->
        log.warn("请求失败，响应状态: ${resp.statusLine}, 响应内容: ${reader.text}")
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者N0m4n904