使用pipenv运行pytest -v遭遇ModuleNotFoundError问题求助

项目结构 #

|- src/
     |- common/
     |- controllers/
     |- models/
     |- __init__.py
|- test/
     |- __init__.py
     |- some_test.py

问题现象 #

使用Python 3.12.7和Pipenv，无论在项目根目录还是test文件夹下执行pytest -v，都会提示依赖缺失。例如执行pytest -v时出现以下错误：

$ pytest -v
==================================================================================== test session starts =====================================================================================
platform linux -- Python 3.12.7, pytest-8.3.2, pluggy-1.5.0 -- /usr/bin/python3
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: /usr/src/Python/PythonRestAPI
plugins: typeguard-4.3.0
collected 75 items / 1 error                                                                                                                                                                 

=========================================================================================== ERRORS ===========================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________ ERROR collecting test/authentication_test.py ________________________________________________________________________
ImportError while importing test module '/usr/src/Python/PythonRestAPI/test/authentication_test.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
/usr/lib/python3.12/importlib/__init__.py:90: in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
test/authentication_test.py:5: in <module>
    from common.Authentication import Authentication
src/common/Authentication.py:5: in <module>
    from models.UserModel import UserModel
src/models/__init__.py:7: in <module>
    from .AuthorModel import AuthorModel, AuthorSchema
src/models/AuthorModel.py:1: in <module>
    from marshmallow import fields, Schema
E   ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'marshmallow'
================================================================================== short test summary info ===================================================================================
ERROR test/authentication_test.py
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
====================================================================================== 1 error in 0.34s ======================================================================================

依赖检查结果 #

执行pipenv graph|grep -i marshmallow确认marshmallow已安装：

$ pipenv graph|grep -i marshmallow
marshmallow==3.26.1

conftest.py内容 #

import pytest
import os, sys
from os.path import dirname, join, abspath
sys.path.insert(0, abspath(join(dirname(__file__), '../src')))

@pytest.fixture
def client():
    from app import create_app
    return create_app().test_client()

def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
        os.environ['JWT_SECRET_KEY'] = 'pythonflaskrestapipostgres'

Pipenv环境路径信息 #

在pipenv shell中执行以下命令，得到Python和pytest的路径：

$ which python
/home/khteh/.local/share/virtualenvs/PythonRestAPI-6TwrpjXm/bin/python
$ which pytest
/home/khteh/.local/bin/pytest

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者khteh