升级至Target SDK 35后Google Play内部测试提示适配旧版Android

为解决Google Play政策问题，将旧Android应用升级至Target SDK 35，已处理废弃代码。通过adb install可在模拟器和Pixel真机正常安装APK，但通过Google Play内部测试链接访问时，页面提示"应用适配旧版Android"，无下载入口。相关配置文件如下：

模块build.gradle #

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

android {
    compileSdk 35  // Updated to SDK 35
    namespace 'com.ushc.mobile.PersonalHealthDashboard'

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_17
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_17
    }

    tasks.withType(JavaCompile).configureEach {
        options.compilerArgs << "-Xlint:deprecation"
    }

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 30
        targetSdkVersion 35
        targetSdk 35  // Updated to SDK 35
        versionCode 57
        versionName "1.0"
//        vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
        }
        debug {
            debuggable true
        }
    }
//    androidResources {
//        noCompress 'property'
//    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    implementation 'androidx.biometric:biometric:1.1.0' // Or latest
    implementation 'androidx.preference:preference:1.2.1'

    // Testing
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'

    // AndroidX support
//    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.7.0' // Or latest

    // External JAR dependencies
    implementation files('lib/PhotoUtil.jar')
    implementation files('lib/GenAsync.1.2.jar')

    // Firebase dependencies
    implementation platform('com.google.firebase:firebase-bom:33.10.0') // Or latest
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:22.3.0'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:20.0.0'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:24.1.0'
}

AndroidManifest.xml #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.screen.portrait"
        android:required="false" />
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.camera2"
        android:required="false" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<!--    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" android:maxSdkVersion="35" />-->
<!--    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" android:maxSdkVersion="29" />-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_BIOMETRIC" />

    <application
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/heart_logo_2"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.Login"
            android:exported="true"
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.MainMenu"
            android:exported="true" />
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.WebView"
            android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize"
            android:exported="true" />
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.NotificationHome"
            android:exported="true" />
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.CampaignList"
            android:exported="true" />
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.EventDetails"
            android:exported="true" />
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.UploadPhoto"
            android:exported="true" />

        <service
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>.Notification"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true" />

        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>"
            android:exported="true"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme.CustomPopupTheme" />
        <activity
            android:name="com.ushc.mobile.<hidden>"
            android:exported="true" />

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.gms.version"
            android:value="@integer/google_play_services_version" />

        <service
            android:name=".FirebaseMessageReceiver"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="TODO"
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>
    </application>

</manifest>

项目根目录build.gradle #

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.

buildscript {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral() // Replacing jcenter() as it is deprecated
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.6.0'
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.4.2' // Updated Google Services Plugin
        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

//tasks.register('clean', Delete) {
//    delete rootProject
//}

以下是针对性的排查和修复步骤：

• 使用正式签名的Release包上传：当前模块build.gradle的release构建配置使用signingConfig signingConfigs.debug，Google Play不接受debug签名的APK，必须替换为正式的上传密钥签名。生成正式签名包后重新上传至内部测试轨道。
• 检查Google Play控制台的版本映射：确认内部测试轨道中，versionCode 57的APK已成功上传并被正确解析，没有旧版本的APK仍处于活跃状态。可以在控制台的"版本管理"->"应用版本"中查看APK的targetSdk信息。
• 清理Gradle配置冗余：模块build.gradle的defaultConfig中同时存在targetSdkVersion 35和targetSdk 35，保留其中一个即可（推荐标准的targetSdkVersion），避免Gradle解析歧义。
• 修复Manifest的无效配置：Firebase消息服务的android:permission="TODO"是无效值，需删除该属性或替换为正确权限（如com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND），否则会导致Manifest合法性校验失败，Play可能判定应用配置异常。
• 验证APK的实际targetSdk值：使用命令aapt dump badging your-release-apk.apk查看输出中的targetSdkVersion字段，确认实际打包的APK确实为35。若不符，执行./gradlew clean清理缓存后重新构建。
• 确认测试设备的兼容性：确保用于测试的设备系统版本≥minSdkVersion 30，若设备版本低于30，会看不到下载入口。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Larry