Android 15下Flutter项目FirebaseMessaging通知点击API异常求助

问题描述 #

在Flutter项目中使用Firebase Cloud Messaging时遇到以下问题：Android 15系统上，通过通知打开应用时，FirebaseMessaging.onMessageOpenedApp不会触发，且FirebaseMessaging.instance.getInitialMessage()返回null；但Android 10系统上所有功能正常。以下是处理通知的类代码：

// notification_controller.dart
import 'package:firebase_messaging/firebase_messaging.dart';

class NotificationController {
final FirebaseMessaging _firebaseMessaging = FirebaseMessaging.instance;

// Initialize Firebase Messaging
void initialize() {
    // Request for permission on iOS
    _firebaseMessaging.requestPermission();

    // Get the token to identify the device
    _firebaseMessaging.getToken().then((token) {
      print("Firebase Messaging Token: $token");
    });
    
    // Handle the background message
    FirebaseMessaging.onBackgroundMessage(_backgroundMessageHandler);
    
    // Handle foreground messages
    FirebaseMessaging.onMessage.listen((RemoteMessage message) {
      print('Message received: ${message.notification?.title}');
      // You can add custom behavior for foreground messages here
    });
    
    // Handle when the app is opened via a notification
    FirebaseMessaging.onMessageOpenedApp.listen((RemoteMessage message) {
      print('Opened from onMessageOpenedApp: ${message.toMap()}');
      _handleNavigation(message);
    });
    
    // Handle initial message when the app is launched
    FirebaseMessaging.instance
        .getInitialMessage()
        .then((RemoteMessage? message) {
      print('Opened from getInitialMessage: ${message?.notification?.title}');
      if (message != null) {
        _handleNavigation(message);
      }
    });

}

// Background message handler (optional)
static Future<void> _backgroundMessageHandler(message) async {
print("Background message received: ${message.notification?.title}");
}

// Handle navigation based on the notification payload
void _handleNavigation(message) {}
}

解决方案 #

• 适配Android 15通知权限
  Android 15对通知权限的检查更严格，需确保在AndroidManifest.xml中声明权限，并在运行时主动请求（不仅限于iOS）：
  在AndroidManifest.xml的<manifest>标签内添加：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />

在NotificationController的initialize方法中补充Android权限请求逻辑（需导入dart:io）：

// 新增Android权限请求
if (Platform.isAndroid) {
  await FirebaseMessaging.instance.requestPermission(
    alert: true,
    badge: true,
    sound: true,
  );
}

• 升级Firebase Messaging依赖版本
  旧版firebase_messaging未适配Android 15的行为变更，打开pubspec.yaml将依赖升级至最新稳定版：

firebase_messaging: ^latest_version

执行flutter pub get更新依赖。

• 确保初始化时机正确
  需在Firebase.initializeApp()完成后，再初始化通知控制器，且要确保Widgets绑定已初始化：

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
  await Firebase.initializeApp();
  NotificationController().initialize();
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

• 检查PendingIntent配置（Android原生层）
  Android 15要求PendingIntent必须明确设置FLAG_IMMUTABLE或FLAG_MUTABLE。若你自定义了通知渠道或处理逻辑，需确保创建PendingIntent时使用正确的flag：

// 示例：在自定义FirebaseMessagingService中创建PendingIntent时
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
    context,
    0,
    intent,
    PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT | PendingIntent.FLAG_MUTABLE // Android 15要求显式设置
);

• 验证通知Payload格式
  确保发送的FCM通知Payload包含data字段，纯notification字段的通知在Android 15上可能无法正确触发应用内监听。示例Payload：

{
  "to": "DEVICE_TOKEN",
  "notification": {
    "title": "测试通知",
    "body": "点击打开应用"
  },
  "data": {
    "screen": "home",
    "id": "123"
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Stefano Sommacal