Python上传Pandas生成的CSV至SharePoint时遇认证错误求助

问题重现 #

尝试将Pandas DataFrame生成的CSV文件上传至SharePoint/OneDrive，执行代码时触发以下错误：

ValueError: 无法从https://login.microsoftonline.com/extSTS.srf获取二进制安全令牌

用户提供的测试代码：

import pandas as pd

from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
from office365.runtime.auth.authentication_context import AuthenticationContext


df = pd.DataFrame()

site_url = "https://{tenant id: str = ########-####-####-####-############ ???}.sharepoint.com/sites/{site name: str = 'tktktk' ???}"
username = "{user}@{site name}.com"
password = "{tktktk}"

auth_ctx = AuthenticationContext(site_url)
auth_ctx.acquire_token_for_user(username, password)
ctx = ClientContext(site_url, auth_ctx)

web = ctx.web
ctx.load(web)

try:
    ctx.execute_query()
    print(f"Connection to SharePoint site '{web.properties['Title']}' successful!")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Error connecting to SharePoint: {e}")

错误原因分析 #

1. 配置信息格式错误：site_url、username中混入了占位符语法（如{tenant id:...}），需替换为实际有效的站点URL和账号信息
2. 认证方式不兼容：若账号开启了多因素认证（MFA），普通密码无法通过acquire_token_for_user获取令牌
3. 库版本或租户限制：旧版本office365-rest-python-client可能存在认证适配问题，部分租户启用现代认证后会限制传统密码流

解决方案 #

方案1：无MFA场景的修正代码 #

先替换占位符为真实配置，再执行认证与上传操作：

import pandas as pd
from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
from office365.runtime.auth.authentication_context import AuthenticationContext

# 替换为实际有效信息
site_url = "https://你的租户名.sharepoint.com/sites/你的站点名"
username = "你的完整工作账号@租户域名.com"
password = "你的账号密码（若开启MFA需用应用密码）"

# 初始化认证上下文
auth_ctx = AuthenticationContext(site_url)
if auth_ctx.acquire_token_for_user(username, password):
    ctx = ClientContext(site_url, auth_ctx)
    web = ctx.web
    ctx.load(web)
    try:
        ctx.execute_query()
        print(f"成功连接到SharePoint站点: {web.properties['Title']}")
        
        # 生成CSV并上传到默认文档库
        df = pd.DataFrame({'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'Age': [25, 30]})
        csv_content = df.to_csv(index=False).encode('utf-8')
        
        target_folder = ctx.web.get_folder_by_server_relative_url("Shared Documents")
        target_file = target_folder.upload_file("uploaded_data.csv", csv_content)
        ctx.execute_query()
        print(f"CSV文件已上传至: {target_file.serverRelativeUrl}")
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"执行请求出错: {e}")
else:
    print(f"认证失败: {auth_ctx.get_last_error()}")

方案2：MFA场景的交互式认证（推荐） #

若账号开启MFA，使用设备码认证方式，需先安装依赖库：

pip install azure-identity office365-rest-python-client pandas

代码示例：

import pandas as pd
from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
from azure.identity import DeviceCodeCredential

# 替换为实际配置
site_url = "https://你的租户名.sharepoint.com/sites/你的站点名"
client_id = "你的Azure AD应用客户端ID"  # 需在Azure AD注册应用并授予SharePoint读写权限

# 初始化设备码认证
credential = DeviceCodeCredential(client_id=client_id)
ctx = ClientContext(site_url).with_credentials(credential)

try:
    web = ctx.web
    ctx.load(web)
    ctx.execute_query()
    print(f"成功连接到SharePoint站点: {web.properties['Title']}")
    
    # 生成并上传CSV
    df = pd.DataFrame({'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'Age': [25, 30]})
    csv_content = df.to_csv(index=False).encode('utf-8')
    
    target_folder = ctx.web.get_folder_by_server_relative_url("Shared Documents")
    target_file = target_folder.upload_file("uploaded_data_mfa.csv", csv_content)
    ctx.execute_query()
    print(f"CSV文件已上传至: {target_file.serverRelativeUrl}")
    
except Exception as e:
    print(f"出错: {e}")

关键注意事项 #

• 确保office365-rest-python-client为最新版本：pip install --upgrade office365-rest-python-client
• 使用客户端凭证认证时，需在Azure AD中注册应用并授予Sites.ReadWrite.All权限
• 文档库相对路径需与实际一致，自定义库替换为对应名称即可

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者OJT