升级Gradle构建工具至8.1.4后gradlew clean任务失败求助

问题描述 #

将android.tools.build:gradle从7.3.1升级到8.1.4后，名为android的Android库模块执行gradlew clean时持续失败。手动删除build目录后重试仍报错，但项目其他模块clean正常，google和huawei两个应用模块可正常运行。移除copyAndroidNatives任务后错误消失，但该任务是libGdx必需的，无法删除。

报错信息 #

> java.io.IOException: Unable to delete directory 'C:\my_project\android\build'
    Failed to delete some children. This might happen because a process has files open or has its working directory set in the target directory.
    - C:\my_project\android\build\tmp\.cache\expanded\expanded.lock
    - C:\my_project\android\build\tmp\.cache\expanded
    - C:\my_project\android\build\tmp\.cache
    - C:\my_project\android\build\tmp

项目结构 #

project(":core") {
    apply plugin: "java-library"
    dependencies {
        api "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx:$gdxVersion"
        api "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-ai:$gdxAIVersion"
    }
}

project(":game") {
    apply plugin: "java-library"
    dependencies {
        api project(":core")
    }
}

project(":mobile") {
    apply plugin: "java-library"
    dependencies {
        api project(":game")
    }
}

project(":android") {
    apply plugin: "com.android.library"
    configurations { natives }
    dependencies {
        api project(":mobile")
        api "androidx.core:core:$androidxCoreVersion"
        api "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-android:$gdxVersion"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
        natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
    }
}

project(":google") {
    apply plugin: "com.android.application"
    dependencies {
        implementation project(":android")
        implementation "com.android.support:multidex:$multidexVersion"
        constraints {
            implementation('androidx.fragment:fragment') {
                version {
                    strictly "$androidxCoreVersion"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

project(":huawei") {
    apply plugin: "com.android.application"
    dependencies {
        implementation project(":android")
        implementation "com.android.support:multidex:$multidexVersion"
    }
}

Android模块build.gradle内容 #

apply plugin: 'com.android.library'

android {
    compileSdk 34
    buildToolsVersion = '34.0.0'
    namespace "my.package.name.android"

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 19
        targetSdkVersion 34
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

task copyAndroidNatives() {
    file("libs/armeabi/").mkdirs();
    file("libs/armeabi-v7a/").mkdirs();
    file("libs/x86/").mkdirs();
    file("libs/arm64-v8a/").mkdirs()
    file("libs/x86_64/").mkdirs()

    configurations.natives.files.each { jar ->
        def outputDir = null
        if (jar.name.endsWith("natives-armeabi-v7a.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/armeabi-v7a")
        if (jar.name.endsWith("natives-x86.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/x86")
        if (jar.name.endsWith("natives-arm64-v8a.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/arm64-v8a")
        if (jar.name.endsWith("natives-x86_64.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/x86_64")
        if (outputDir != null) {
            copy {
                from zipTree(jar)
                into outputDir
                include "*.so"
            }
        }
    }
}

tasks.whenTaskAdded { packageTask ->
    if (packageTask.name.contains("package")) {
        packageTask.dependsOn 'copyAndroidNatives'
    }
}

解决方案 #

1. 修改copyAndroidNatives任务执行时机 #

原任务在配置阶段就会读取configurations.natives.files，导致Gradle提前解压依赖到build目录，clean时文件被锁定。将任务改为仅在执行阶段处理依赖：

task copyAndroidNatives(type: Copy) {
    // 声明输出目录，让Gradle自动管理缓存
    def libsDir = file("libs")
    outputs.dir libsDir

    doFirst {
        // 仅在执行阶段创建目录、读取依赖
        ["armeabi-v7a", "x86", "arm64-v8a", "x86_64"].each { arch ->
            file("$libsDir/$arch").mkdirs()
        }

        configurations.natives.files.each { jar ->
            def arch = jar.name.split("-").find { it.matches("armeabi-v7a|x86|arm64-v8a|x86_64") }
            if (arch) {
                from zipTree(jar) {
                    include "*.so"
                }
                into "$libsDir/$arch"
            }
        }
    }
}

2. 调整任务依赖逻辑 #

替换原whenTaskAdded代码，精准绑定到Android库的打包任务，避免无差别触发：

// 绑定到库打包任务
tasks.named("packageLibrary") {
    dependsOn copyAndroidNatives
}

// 兼容debug/release变体的打包任务
tasks.withType(com.android.build.gradle.tasks.PackageLibrary) {
    dependsOn copyAndroidNatives
}

3. 给clean任务添加强制清理逻辑 #

确保clean时释放锁定文件：

clean.doFirst {
    // 强制删除锁定文件
    def lockFile = file("build/tmp/.cache/expanded/expanded.lock")
    if (lockFile.exists()) {
        lockFile.delete()
    }
}

4. 升级libGdx版本 #

检查libGdx版本是否适配Gradle 8.x，新版本的libGdx模板已优化native复制逻辑，从根源避免资源占用问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bero