Node.js+PostgreSQL+Docker环境下npm run dev未创建DB表求助

已成功连接PostgreSQL数据库，但执行npm run dev时，预期自动创建的clients、trainers表并未生成。

已尝试的操作 #

• 在initDB.js中添加CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS语句确保表创建
• 确认PostgreSQL数据库可正常访问且连接正确
• 使用Docker的--no-cache选项避免缓存干扰
• 查看docker-compose日志，未发现表未创建的相关错误信息

期望 #

每次执行npm run dev时，若所需表（如clients、trainers）不存在则自动创建。

相关代码文件 #

server.js #

dotenv.config();

const app = express();
const port = process.env.PORT || 5000;

app.use(cors());
app.use(express.json());

const startServer = async () => {
    try {
        await initDB();
        console.log("✅ Database initialized");

        setupRoutes(app);

        app.get('/', (req, res) => {
            res.send('Welcome to Tilo Backend!')
        });

        app.listen(port, () => {
            console.log(`🎉 Server is running on port ${port} 🎉`);
        });

    } catch (err) {
        console.error("❌ Error during server startup", err);
    }
};

startServer();

initDB.js #

export const initDB = async () => {
    try {
        console.log("✅ Initializing database...");

        await pool.query(`
            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS clients (
                id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
                email VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
                username VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
                password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
            );
        `);
        console.log("✅ Created 'clients' table if it didn't exist");

        await pool.query(`
            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS trainers (
                id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
                email VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
                username VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
                password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
            );
        `);
        console.log("✅ Created 'trainers' table if it didn't exist");

    } catch (err) {
        console.error("❌ Failed to init DB", err);
        throw err;
    }
};

docker-compose.yml #

services:
  app:
    build: .
    container_name: tilo_backend
    ports: 
      - "5001:5000"
    environment:
      - DB_USER=${DB_USER}
      - DB_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} 
      - DB_HOST=${DB_HOST}
      - DB_PORT=${DB_PORT}
      - DB_NAME=${DB_NAME} 
      - JWT_SECRET=${JWT_SECRET} 
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
      - tilo-network
    volumes:
      - .:/usr/src/app
    command:
      npm run start-server
    
  db:
    image: postgres:14
    container_name: tilo-db
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_USER=${DB_USER}
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
      - POSTGRES_DB=${DB_NAME} 
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
    networks:
      - tilo-network
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    restart: always

networks:
  tilo-network:
    driver: bridge

volumes:
  postgres_data: {}

Dockerfile #

# Use official Node.js image as the base image
FROM node:22

# Set the working directory inside the container
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# Copy the package.json and package-lock.json (if present) into the container
COPY package*.json ./

# Install dependencies
RUN npm install

# Copy the rest of the application files into the container
COPY . .

# Command to run the app
CMD ["npm", "run", "dev"]

package.json #

{
  "name": "tilo-backend",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "main": "index.js",
  "type": "module",
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "docker-compose build --no-cache && docker-compose up -d && npm run start-server",
    "start-server": "nodemon src/server.js",
    "stop": "docker-compose down"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "description": "",
  "dependencies": {
    "bcrypt": "^5.1.1",
    "bcryptjs": "^3.0.2",
    "cors": "^2.8.5",
    "dotenv": "^16.4.7",
    "express": "^5.1.0",
    "jsonwebtoken": "^9.0.2",
    "pg": "^8.14.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/module-alias": "^2.0.4",
    "@types/node": "^22.14.0",
    "nodemon": "^3.1.9"
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bohdan Romanovich