M1 MacBook Pro（Ventura系统）Spotlight元数据索引异常及Finder标签不生效问题求助

我刚拿到一台运行Ventura系统的M1 MacBook Pro，用Time Machine恢复了所有数据。一开始Spotlight搜索不正常，折腾mdutil命令后搜索问题解决了，但现在又遇到新麻烦——Finder的颜色标签汇总里看不到已标记的文件。

我仔细排查后发现，Spotlight根本没索引文件的非FS前缀元数据，只有kMDItemFS...系列的属性能被正常索引到。举个实际测试的例子：

我给文件test.txt标记了紫色标签（标签名称为"Test"），执行xattr -l test.txt能看到正确的属性输出：

com.apple.FinderInfo:

com.apple.metadata:_kMDItemUserTags: bplist00?VTest

3

但运行mdls test.txt时，输出里完全看不到标签相关的属性，只有这些FS开头的项：

kMDItemFSContentChangeDate = 2023-08-17 15:51:00 +0000
kMDItemFSCreationDate      = 2023-08-17 15:51:00 +0000
kMDItemFSCreatorCode       = ""
kMDItemFSFinderFlags       = 6
kMDItemFSHasCustomIcon     = 0
kMDItemFSInvisible         = 0
kMDItemFSIsExtensionHidden = 0
kMDItemFSIsStationery      = 0
kMDItemFSLabel             = 3
kMDItemFSName              = "test.txt"
kMDItemFSNodeCount         = 0
kMDItemFSOwnerGroupID      = 20
kMDItemFSOwnerUserID       = 501
kMDItemFSSize              = 0
kMDItemFSTypeCode          = ""

而把这个文件拷贝到另一台Mac上，mdls test.txt能输出完整的元数据，包括kMDItemUserTags和其他非FS属性：

_kMDItemDisplayNameWithExtensions      = "test.txt"
com_apple_metadata_modtime             = 713980260
kMDItemContentCreationDate             = 2023-08-17 15:51:00 +0000
kMDItemContentCreationDate_Ranking     = 2023-08-17 00:00:00 +0000
kMDItemContentModificationDate         = 2023-08-17 15:51:00 +0000
kMDItemContentModificationDate_Ranking = 2023-08-17 00:00:00 +0000
kMDItemContentType                     = "public.plain-text"
kMDItemContentTypeTree                 = (
"public.plain-text",
"public.text",
"public.data",
"public.item",
"public.content"
)
kMDItemDateAdded                       = 2023-08-17 16:16:17 +0000
kMDItemDateAdded_Ranking               = 2023-08-17 00:00:00 +0000
kMDItemDisplayName                     = "test.txt"
kMDItemDocumentIdentifier              = 0
kMDItemFSContentChangeDate             = 2023-08-17 15:51:00 +0000
kMDItemFSCreationDate                  = 2023-08-17 15:51:00 +0000
kMDItemFSCreatorCode                   = ""
kMDItemFSFinderFlags                   = 6
kMDItemFSHasCustomIcon                 = (null)
kMDItemFSInvisible                     = 0
kMDItemFSIsExtensionHidden             = 0
kMDItemFSIsStationery                  = (null)
kMDItemFSLabel                         = 3
kMDItemFSName                          = "test.txt"
kMDItemFSNodeCount                     = (null)
kMDItemFSOwnerGroupID                  = 20
kMDItemFSOwnerUserID                   = 501
kMDItemFSSize                          = 0
kMDItemFSTypeCode                      = ""
kMDItemInterestingDate_Ranking         = 2023-08-17 00:00:00 +0000
kMDItemKind                            = "Reines Textdokument"
kMDItemLogicalSize                     = 0
kMDItemPhysicalSize                    = 0
kMDItemUserTags                        = (
Test
)

我已经试过以下命令的各种组合来重置Spotlight索引，但都没有效果：

• mdutil -i off /
• mdutil -i on /
• mdutil -E
• mdutil -X

有没有其他办法能解决这个Spotlight元数据索引不完整的问题？

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者Manuel