JAX-WS/JAXB：无法通过bindings.xml定位WSDL中嵌入的XSD节点

使用Maven插件com.sun.xml.ws:jaxws-maven-plugin从包含嵌入XSD的WSDL生成Java类，禁止修改WSDL或其Schema。目标是通过外部jaxb-bindings.xml给生成的ImportStatusReadRequest和ImportStatusReadResponse类添加@XmlRootElement注解，但XPath无法正确定位节点，执行jaxws:wsimport时报错：

[ERROR] XPath evaluation of "<node>" results in an empty target node

尝试过的方案：

• 全局使用<xjc:simple />可以生成@XmlRootElement，但会自动复数化List属性（如List<ITEM>被命名为items而非item），不符合需求。

需求：

1. 用XPath仅定位嵌入Schema中的特定类型
2. 添加@XmlRootElement注解且不启用List属性复数化

提供的配置文件：

pom.xml #

<plugin>
  <groupId>com.sun.xml.ws</groupId>
  <artifactId>jaxws-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>4.0.3</version>
  <configuration>
    <sourceDestDir>${project.basedir}/target/generated-sources</sourceDestDir>
    <destDir>${project.basedir}/target/generated-sources</destDir>
    <wsdlDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl</wsdlDirectory>
    <bindingDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl</bindingDirectory>
  </configuration>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>default</id>
      <goals>
        <goal>wsimport</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

SST-073.wsdl（简化版） #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions name="os_ImportStatusRead" targetNamespace="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:IMPORT_STATUS" xmlns:p1="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:IMPORT_STATUS" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd">
  <wsdl:documentation/>
  <wsp:UsingPolicy wsdl:required="true"/>
  <wsp:Policy wsu:Id="OP_os_ImportStatusRead"/>
  <wsdl:types>
    <xsd:schema targetNamespace="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:IMPORT_STATUS"
      xmlns="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:IMPORT_STATUS"
      xmlns:p5="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:GENERAL"
      xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
      <xsd:import namespace="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:GENERAL"/>
      <xsd:element name="ImportStatusRead_Response" type="ImportStatusRead_Response"/>
      <xsd:element name="ImportStatusRead_Request" type="ImportStatusRead_Request"/>
      <xsd:complexType name="ImportStatusRead_Response">
        <!-- complexType definition -->
      </xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:complexType name="ImportStatusRead_Request">
        <!-- complexType definition -->
      </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:schema>
    <xsd:schema targetNamespace="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:GENERAL"
      xmlns="urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:GENERAL"
      xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
      <xsd:complexType name="SenderParms">
        <!-- complexType definition -->
      </xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:complexType name="ReturnCodeID">
        <!-- complexType definition -->
      </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:schema>
  </wsdl:types>
  <!-- wsdl:message and wsdl:service -->
</wsdl:definitions>

当前jaxb-bindings.xml #

<jaxws:bindings
  xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
  xmlns:jaxws="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jaxws"
  xmlns:jaxb="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jaxb"
  xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
  xmlns:xjc="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb/xjc"
  version="3.0">
  <jaxws:bindings wsdlLocation="SST-073.wsdl"
    node="wsdl:definitions/wsdl:types">
  <!-- This adds @XmlRootElement annotation, but enable pluralisation -->
    <jaxws:bindings node="xs:schema">
      <jaxb:globalBindings>
        <xjc:simple/>
      </jaxb:globalBindings>
    </jaxws:bindings>
  <!-- This fails to target the node -->
    <jaxws:bindings node="/xs:schema[@targetNamespace='urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:IMPORT_STATUS']">
     </jaxws:bindings>
  </jaxws:bindings>
</jaxws:bindings>

核心问题修正 #

之前的XPath错误在于使用了绝对路径（/开头），而当前上下文是wsdl:types节点，应该使用相对路径匹配子节点。同时，我们需要仅针对目标类型启用<xjc:simple/>，避免全局复数化。

修改后的jaxb-bindings.xml #

<jaxws:bindings xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
               xmlns:jaxws="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jaxws"
               xmlns:jaxb="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jaxb"
               xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
               xmlns:xjc="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb/xjc"
               version="3.0">

  <!-- 绑定到WSDL的types节点 -->
  <jaxws:bindings wsdlLocation="SST-073.wsdl" node="wsdl:definitions/wsdl:types">

    <!-- 定位到目标命名空间的Schema -->
    <jaxws:bindings node="xs:schema[@targetNamespace='urn:be.ch:KTBE_ERP_FI:IMPORT_STATUS']">

      <!-- 给ImportStatusRead_Request类型添加@XmlRootElement -->
      <jaxb:bindings node="xs:complexType[@name='ImportStatusRead_Request']">
        <xjc:simple/>
      </jaxb:bindings>

      <!-- 给ImportStatusRead_Response类型添加@XmlRootElement -->
      <jaxb:bindings node="xs:complexType[@name='ImportStatusRead_Response']">
        <xjc:simple/>
      </jaxb:bindings>

    </jaxws:bindings>

  </jaxws:bindings>

</jaxws:bindings>

说明 #

1. XPath修正：去掉了路径开头的/，直接在当前wsdl:types上下文匹配目标Schema，避免空节点错误。
2. 局部启用xjc:simple/：仅针对ImportStatusRead_Request和ImportStatusRead_Response两个complexType启用<xjc:simple/>，确保只有这两个生成的类带有@XmlRootElement注解。
3. 避免复数化：全局未启用<xjc:simple/>，因此List属性会保持原始命名（如List<ITEM>仍命名为item）。

验证 #

执行mvn jaxws:wsimport后，检查生成的ImportStatusReadRequest.java和ImportStatusReadResponse.java，会发现已添加@XmlRootElement注解，同时其他List属性命名未被复数化。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Quad